Mod 3&4

  1. Matter
    Anything that has mass & occupies space.
  2. 2 types of matter is...
    • 1. Pure substances-composed of only 1 atom or molecule.
    • 2. Mixtures-2 or more mixtures physically mixed.
  3. 2 types of pure substances...
    • 1. Single Element from the periodic table.
    • 2. Compounds-substance made up of 2 or more elements.
  4. 2 types of mixtures...
    • 1. Homogenous-composition is the same throughout the sample. ie air, peanut butter.
    • 2. Heterogenous-composition varies throughout the sample. ie. chunky peanut butter.
  5. Periods/Groups
  6. Names of Groups
  7. Metals are
    Shiny, ductile(can be drawn into a wire), malleable(can be flattened into a sheet), good conductors of heat and electricity, and has higher melting points and densities than nonmetals.
  8. Metalloid characteristics...
    most are shiny, not very ductile or malleable(shatters if hammered), poor conductors of heat & electricity, melting points and densities are between metals and nonmetals.
  9. Nonmetal characteristics...
    Not shiny(some are solids, some are gases), not very ductile or malleable(shatters if hammered), poor conductors of heat & electricity, good insulators, and typically low melting points and densities.
  10. Metal, metalloids, and non metals.
  11. Isotope
    Same element with a different number of neutrons. Each element can have more then 1 isotope.
  12. Atomic #
    = to the number of protons in an atom. The number above the element abbreviation on the periodic table.
  13. Mass Number =
    # of protons + neutrons
  14. Atomic mass
    The avg mass of all naturally occuring isotopes. (The decimal number on the periodic table.)
  15. Electron Energy Levels
    Electrons close to the nucleus have the lowest energy. Electrons farther and farther out from the nucleus have greater and greater energy. Electrons with similar energy are grouped in energy levels.
  16. Valence Electrons
    Electrons in the outer most energy level. The group # indicates the number of valence electrons.
  17. Ion
    Any element with a number of e- that is different from the number of protons.
  18. Ca+ions
    Positively charged ions.
  19. Anions
    Negatively charged ions.
  20. Octet Rule
    The goal of any atom is to be stable(like the nobel gases). 8 electrons in the outer energy level- 8 valence electrons. Atoms can do this by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons.
  21. Ionic compounds
    Held together by strong attractions between oppositely charged ions, called ionic bonds.
Author
Anonymous
ID
37030
Card Set
Mod 3&4
Description
Atoms and elements/Ions and Compounds
Updated