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Gestalt
is the theory of visual unity
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Unity
is the organization of all the elements of a work of art into a harmonious unified whole. Each element used may have intrinsic characteristics which create interest.
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Overlap
a device for creating an illusion of depth in which some shapes are in front of and partially hide or obscure others.
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Proximity
Achieved when putting elements of a design close together, they look as if they belong together.
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Focal Point
a point of emphasis in a design.
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Continuation
The planned argangement of various forms so that their edges have lined up. Form feels connected from element to element within a design.
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Repitition
a valuable device for achieving visual unity with designs by repeating an image.
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Formal Balance
is more structured and equally balanced.
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Bilateral Symmetry
Formal balance of mirrored elements placed in a design.
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Informal balance ( A Symmetry)
Casual, natural, not contrived.
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Pattern
Repitition of a visual elements in a regular and anticipated sequence.
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Proportion
term used to describe the size relationships between various parts of a composition.
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Value (art term)
for lights & darks achieved by various forms of shading.
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Chiaroscuro
the use of light and dark to create implied depth and value.
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Line
the element of art that is most familiar.
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Contour line
follow edges of form and decribe the form outline.
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Horizontal Lines
Suggest rest
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Vertical Lines
suggest potential activity
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Diagnoal lines
strongly suggest motion
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Psychic lines
mental connection between two points or elements pointing ot looking in a direction
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Curvilinear
rounded and curving forms that tend to imply flowing shapes.
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Rectilinear
design composed of straight lines
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Texture
surface qualityof object that appeals to the tacticle sense
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Positive Space
Dark/ Black object or visual element in a design synonyms; figure, foreground
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Negative Space
space that is void or lacking in line, texture or tone synonyms;ground, background
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Confusion
when relationship between positive and negative space is close to equal
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open form
placement of elements in a composition so that they are cut off by the boundaries of a design
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closed form
objects entirely in the design. Everything is within the image.
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Design
the oppostie of "chance"
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Kasimir Malevich
was a Russian painter and art theoretician, born in Ukraine of ethnic Polish parents. He was a pioneer of geometric abstract art and the originator of the Avant-garde Suprematist movement.
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Piet Zwart
was a Dutch photographer, typographer, and industrial designer.
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Paul Rand
was an American graphic designer, best known for his corporate logo designs, including the logos for IBM, UPS, Enron, Westinghouse, ABC, and Steve Jobs’ NeXT. He was one of the originators of the Swiss Style of graphic design.
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M.C. Escher
was a Dutch graphic artist. He is known for his often mathematically inspired woodcuts, lithographs, and mezzotints.
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Bridget Riley
is an English painter who is one of the foremost proponents of op art.
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Frank Gehry
is a Canadian-American Pritzker Prize-winning architect based in Los Angeles, California.
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Jean-Michel Basquiat
was an American artist and the first artist of African descent to become an international art star.His career in art began as a graffiti artist in New York City, and in the 1980s produced Neo-expressionist painting. Basquiat died due to a heroin overdose on August 12, 1988, at the age of 27.
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Kurt Schwitters
- was a German painter who was born in Hanover, Germany.
- Schwitters worked in several genres and media, including Dada, Constructivism, Surrealism, poetry, sound, painting, sculpture, graphic design, typography and what came to be known as installation art. He is most famous for his collages, called Merz Pictures.
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David Carson
- is an American graphic designer. He is best known for his innovative magazine design, and use of experimental typography. He was the art director for the magazine Ray Gun.
- Carson was perhaps the most influential graphic designer of the
- nineties. In particular, his widely-imitated aesthetic defined the
- so-called "grunge typography" era
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Louis Sullivan
was an American architect, and has been called the "father of modernism." He is considered by many as the creator of the modern skyscraper, was an influential architect and critic of the Chicago School, was a mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright, and an inspiration to the Chicago group of architects who have come to be known as the Prairie School.
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