First Aid

The use of specialized equipment and techniques for patient care, including giving medications, establishing IV lines, and performing endotracheal intubation. (only EMT-paramedic has the highest level of training in EMT and can do this, so EMT-B (basic and EMT- I (intermediate) CAN NOT preform this! EMT-I CAN give medications though.

The process of checking the patient for life threats and other medical problems before and during care. (Examples include patients airways are open, the patient is breathing adequately, the patients has a pulse and adequate circulation and the patients spine is protected from movement, ect.)

First responders provide this. Basic care for the patient's airway, breathing and circulation provided by first responders and them EMTS when they show up (happens if needed after assesment).

A by-stander, ideally trained in first aid and CPR, who helps an ill or injured person and/or activates the EMS system in a emergancy. Some instruction can be given by the dispatcher to the citizen until EMTs arrive.

The process by which the medical director or designated physician is personally involved in directing patient care provided by EMS personnal through online communications.They can also autherize a specific patient treatment not covered by standard protocols for patient care.

the person within EMS system who answer 911 or other emergancy calls and determines what emergancy personal and equipment to send to the scene; also called and Emergancy Medical Dispatcher (EMD).

A professional trained in emergancy care who has completed and approved Emergancy Medical Technition training program at the basic (EMT-B), intermidiate (I-EMT), or Perimedic (EMT-P) level. They are who EMS sounds out when they get a emergancy call.

A complex healthcare system that provides prehospital care to ill or injured patients, consisting of a tiered approach involving lay persons, First Responders, EMTs, Perimedics, and others. See dispatcher

An EMS communication system in which a call to 911 from a LANDLINE telephone provides the dispatcher with the address and the telephone number of the caller. With cell phones they can't see where you are at!

A person who many be called upon to provide emergancy care as a routine pat of his or her job (paid or vollenteered) and who has a professional duty to respond to medical emergancy (prepared with first aid equipment).

The offline or prospective direction provided by the medical director, including protocols (standing orders), standereds of training and quality assurance programs.

The physician who oversees out of hospital emergancy medical care. See indirect medical control!)

the process by which the medical director oversees out-of- hospital emergancy care. See indirect medical control.

An EMT who has completed an approved Paramedic training training programa involvintg many advanced emergancy procedures including IV and drugs (seeAdvanced life support!)

the phase of emergancy medical care provided before a patient is delivered to a hospital. (See first respnder, Citizen and EMT)

A process of developing an organized idea in anticipation of an emergancy likely in a given location; the pre-plan should identify responding personnel, possible scene hazards, routes of evacuation, and other action guidlines.

A medical crisis that occurs with no or little warning and requires emergancy care until the patient can be seen by a medical professional.

A fatal disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus HIV

the process by which a pathogen existing in an infected person is transmitted into a different perosn through the air, usually via small fluid dropletes the infected person coughs or sneezes out. Icky

the transmission of disease from one person to another through the contact with the infected person's blood or certain other bodily fluids or tissues.

Techniques to prevent contact with or exposure to a patient's body fluids and other potentially contaminated materials.

an emergancy situation particulary stressful to EMS personnel. (Ex. Death of coworker, multi-casuality incident, suicide by emerganct service worker, injury of death of child, emergancy with a lot of media, violent emergancy, patient care to known person, a disaster)

A program designed to help emergancy personal cope with the severe stress of an emergancy situation.

programs available in most public safety departments or EMS systems for those who experiance uncontrolable stress resulting from a critial incident or from an accumulation of events. They provide pre-incedent stress ed., on-scene peer support, 1 on 1 support, the CISD, support for family members,

a CISD team meeting generally held within 24 to 72 hours after a major incedent to help emergancy workers manage their feelings and overcome stress.

the use of physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate ppr destroy bloodbourne pathogens on a surface or item so that it is no longer infectious.

a short CISD session, typically less formal and less structured than a debriefing. occurs a few hours after critial event helps the personal vent and begin to resolve feelings. either enchances formal debriefing or elimanate the need for one.

disease transmission that occurs when someone directly contacts an infected person, or fluids or substances from that person.

a substance, such as bleach solution, that kills most pathogens on contaminated surfaces.

the varies forms of liver disease caused by the bloodbourne hepatitus B virus (HBV), hepatitus C virus (HCV) or other hepatitus viruses. Hep B has a vaccine, at room temp the virus can live for several days in dried body fluids on hard surfaces, so it makes it easily transmitted. Hep C you dont nececarrily feel sick from it, there is no vaccine.

the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDES can be transmitted by blood semem vaginal secretions breast milk and other bodily fluids if it has blood present.

disease transmission that occurs when someone contacts contaminated objects, food or drinks, droplets in the air (airbourne) or vectors such as mosquitos (insects)

a set of regulations deom the occupational safety and health administration OSHA designed to protect employees from exposure to bloodbourne disease pathogens.

infectious substance, such as bacteria or a virus, capable of inducing disease.

barriers, such as gloves and resuscitation masks, that prevent being exposed to blood and other body fluids when caring for a patient in an emergancy or working around potentially infected materials.

a set of safety guidlines for treating all blood and other portentially infectious materials as if they are contaminated; also called universal precautions.

to use a chemical or physical procedure to destroy all microbrial life on an item.

a mental and emotional state that akso has many physical effects, resulting from any negative experiance that causes psychological strain or disequilibrium.

a highly contagious airbourne disease caused by bacteria. personal very rarely use any equipment to take precaustions againest it but there is a face mask (for resusatation) that has only a one way valve.

a drug that stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies to a specific disease, thereby make a person immune to the disease.

a infected insects (such as tick or mosquito) caring a bloodbourne pathogen bites into the person and they get infected with the disease.

• A-Airways
• B-Breathing
• C-circulation

• A- Appeatance
• P-Pulse
• G-Grimace
• A-Activity
• R-respitory effort

• A-Alert
• V-Responds to Verbal stimuli but is not clearly oriented to time and place
• P-Responds to painful stimuli but not verbal stimuli; rub patient's sternum, if no chest injury, or gently pinch skin between neck and shoulder to elicit response.
• U-unresponsive to all stimuli Eyes are closed, and no response to painful stimuli.

Bag-valve-mask (usually bag-mask)

• C-circulation
• S-sensation
• M-movement

• D-Deformities
• O-open injuries
• T-tenderness (pain)
• S- swelling

• D-deformities
• C-contusions
• A-abrasions
• P-punctures
• B-burns
• T-tenderness
• L-lacerations
• S-swelling

Foreign body airway obstruction

mass-casualty incident

• O-onset
• P-provocation
• Q-quality
• R-radiation
• S-severity
• T-time

• S-signs and symptoms
• A-allergies
• M-medication
• P-pertinent past medication history
• L- last food and drink
• E-events