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Balanced scorecard
a methodology
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baseline
the approved project
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BSM
tools that help track the execution of business
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capitalization rate
the rate used in discounting future cash flow
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cash flow
benefits minus costs or income
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CCB
a formal group of people
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change control system
a formal, documented process
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configuration management
a process that ensures
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cost of capital
the return available by investing the capital elsewhere
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directives
new requirements imposed by management
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discount factor
a multiplier for each year
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discount rate
the rate used in discounting future cash flow
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integrated change control
identifying, evaluating, and managing changes
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interface management
identifying and managing the points of interaction between various elements of a project
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IRR
the discount rate that results in an NPV of zero for a project
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mind mapping
a technique that uses branches radiating out
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NPV
a method of calculating the expected net monetary gain or loss
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opportunities
chances to improve the organization
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opportunity cost of capital
the rate used in discounting future cash flow
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organizational process assets
formal and informal plans, policies, procedures, guidelines
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payback period
the amount of time it will take to recoup
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problems
undesirable situations that prevent the organization from achieving its goals
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project charter
a document that formally recognizes the existence of a project and provides direction on the project's objectives and management
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project integration management
processes that coordinate all project management
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project management plan
a document used to coordinate all project planning documents
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required rate of return
the minimum acceptable rate of return on an investment
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ROI
(benefits minus costs) divided by costs
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strategic planning
determining long-term objectives by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of an organization
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SWOT
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats
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weighted scoring model
a technique that provides a systematic process
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quality planning
identifying which quality standards
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reliability
ability of a product or service to perform
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rework
action taken to bring rejected items
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Robust Design methods
methods that focus on eliminating defects
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run chart
chart that displays the history and pattern of variation
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scatter diagram
diagram that helps to show if there is a relationship between two variables
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seven run rule
if seven data points in a row on a quality control
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six 9s of quality
a measure of quality control equal to 1 fault in 1 million
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Six Sigma
a comprehensive and flexible system for achieving
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software defect
anything that must be changed before delivery of the program
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SQFD
a maturity model that focuses on defining
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standard deviation
a measure of how much variation exists in a distribution of data
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statistical sampling
choosing part of a population of interest for inspection
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system outputs
the screens and reports the system generates
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system testing
testing the entire system as one entity to ensure
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unit test
a test of eah individual component (often a program)
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user acceptance testing
an independent test performed by end users prior
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yield
the number of units handled correctly
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benchmarking
a technique used to generate ideas for quality improvements
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CMMI
a process improvement approach that provides organizations
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cause-and-effect diagram
diagram that traces complaints
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conformance
delivering products that meet
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conformance to requirements
the projects processes and products meet written specifications
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control chart
a graphic display of data that illustrates
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cost of nonconformace
taking responsibility for failures
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cost of quality
the cost of conformance plus
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defect
any instance where the product or service
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DMAIC
a systematic, closed-loop process for continued
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design of experiments
a quality technique that helps identify
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external failure cost
a cost related to all errors not detected and corrected
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features
the special characteristics that appeal to users
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fishbone diagram
diagram that traces complaints about quality
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