-
Highly developed countries account for the lion’s share of total resources consumed:
86% of aluminum used
76% of timber harvested
- 68% of energy produced
- 61% of meat eaten
42% of the fresh water consumed
- These nations also generate 75% of the world’s pollution
- and waste.
-
Types of Resources
- Renewable energy– resources that can be replenished naturally over time.
- Examples: Solar energy, wind energy, water (hydropower), biomass, and geothermal energy.
- Nonrenewable energy– limited in supply and cannot be used sustainably
- Examples: Fossil fuels (like coal, oil, and natural gas), minerals, and nuclear fuels (like uranium)
-
resources that can be replenished naturally over time.
renewable energy
-
limited in supply and cannot be used sustainably
nonrenewable energy
-
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
sustainability
-
The aim is to have a society where living conditions and resources meet human needs without undermining planetary integrity
Sustainable development
-
Include all goods and services bought for food, clothing, housing, travel, recreation, and entertainment. In evaluating consumption, all aspects of the product, use, and disposal of these goods and services are taken into account, including environmental costs.
lifestyle
-
“investigation strategy developed by anti-corruption agencies to determine the existence of ill-gotten and unexplained wealth”
Lifestyle check
-
the use of goods and services that satisfy basic human needs and improve the quality of life but also minimize resource use.
Sustainable consumption
-
individual happiness and quality of life are not necessarily linked to the accumulation of material goods
Voluntary simplicity
-
Environmental worldviews
- 1. Western worldview (expansionist worldview)/Anthropocentric
- 2. Deep ecology overview/biocentric
-
based on human superiority over nature, the unrestricted use of natural resources, and economic growth to manage an expanding industrial base. Humans have a primary obligation to humans and are therefore responsible for managing natural resources to benefit human society.
Western worldview (expansionist worldview)/Anthropocentric
-
based on harmony with nature, a spiritual respect for life, and the belief that humans and all other species have an equal worth. Views humans as one species amongothers. The world could support only a fraction of the existing human population.
Deep ecology overview/biocentric
-
This is the right of every citizen to adequate protection from environmental hazards.
Environmental Justice
-
encompasses environmental inequalities
faced by low-income minority communities.
Eco-justice
-
Environmental Protection Laws
- 1. Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines
- Article XII. National Economy and Patrimony
- 2. PD 1151 (1979) – Philippine Environmental Policy
- 3. PD 1152 (Philippine Environmental Code)
- • Air Quality Management
- • Water Quality Management
- • Land Use Management
- • Natural Resources Management and Conservation
- 4. PD 1121 – Creating the National Environmental Protection
- Council
- 5. PD 1067 (1976) – Philippine Water Code
- 6. RA 8749 – The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
- 7. RA 9275 – The Philippine Clear Water Act of 2004
- 8. RA 6969 – Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990
- 9. RA 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
-
The State shall protect and promote the right to health of the people and instilling health consciousness among them.
- Article II: Declaration of Principles and State Policies
- Sec. 15
-
The State shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.
- Article II: Declaration of Principles and State Policies
- Sec. 16
-
The Congress shall, as soon as possible, determine by law the specific limits of forest lands and national parks, marking clearly their boundaries on the ground. Thereafter, such forest lands and national parks shall be considered and may not be increased nor diminished, except by law.
- Article XII. National Economy and Patrimony
- Sec. 4
-
PD 1151 (1979)
Philippine Environmental Policy
-
PD 1152
Philippine Environmental Code
-
Philippine Environmental Code
- • Air Quality Management
- • Water Quality Management
- • Land Use Management
- • Natural Resources Management and Conservation
-
PD 1121
Creating the National Environmental ProtectionCouncil
-
PD 1067 (1976)
Philippine Water Code
-
RA 8749
The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
-
RA 9275
The Philippine Clear Water Act of 2004
-
RA 6969
Toxic Substances and Hazardous and NuclearWaste Control Act of 19909
-
RA 9003
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
-
is the study of toxicants, chemicals with adverse effects on health.
Toxicology
-
is the study of the effects of chemical, biological,and physical agents on the health of human populations.
Epidemiology
-
classes of diseases
IPSAD
infectious diseases - pollution diseases
- stress diseases
- allergies
- developmental anomalies (teratologies)
-
infectious dieseases
- bacteria
- protozoa
- fungi
- worms
- viruses
-
pollution diseases
- emphysema
- bronchitis
- pneumonia
- lung cancer
- liver cancer
-
stress diseases
- food poisoning
- red tide
- hepaitis A-D
-
allergies
- superficial and deep mycosis
- dandruff
-
developmental anomalies (teratologies)
-
categories of diseases
- two-factor (pathogen, man)
- three-factor (pathogen, vector, man)
- four- factor (host, vector, bacteria, man)
-
two-factor
- influenza
- pneumonia
- acute coryza
-
three-factor
- malaria
- H-fever
- yellow fever
-
-
some human diseases transmitted by polluted water
- amoebic dysentry
- ancyclostosomiasis
- cholera
- cryptosporidiosis
- dysentry
- enteritis
- infectious hepatitis
- poliomyelitis
- typhoid
- schistosomiasis
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