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Bactericidal
bacteria-killing action
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Callus
a thickened portion of the skin
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Cleaning bath
a type of bath given chiefly for hygiene purposes
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Corn
a conical, circular, painful, raised area on the toe or foot
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Dandruff
a dry or greasy, scaly material shed from the scalp
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Dental caries
tooth decay
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Fissures
deep grooves, frequently occur between the toes as a result of dryness and cracking of the skin
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Gingival
of or relating to the gums
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Hirsutism
abnormal hairiness, particularly in women
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Hygiene
the science of health and its maintenance
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Ingrown toenail
the growing inward of the nail into the soft tissues around it, most often results from improper nail trimming
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Pediculosis
infestation with head lice
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Plantar warts
a wart on the side of the foot
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Scabies
a contagious skin infestation caused by an arachnid, the itch mite
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Sebum
the oily, lubricating secretion of glands in the skin called sebaceous glands
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Sudoriferous glands
glands of the dermis that secrete sweat
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Sweat glands
see Sudoriferous glands
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Therapeutic baths
given for physical effects, such as to soothe irritated skin or to treat an area (e.g., the perineum)
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Ticks small gray-brown parasites that bite into tissue and suck blood and transmit several diseases to people, in particular Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease, and Tularemia.
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Tinea pedis
athlete's foot (ringworm of the foot), which is caused by a fungus
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Abdominal paracentesis
removal of fluids from the peritoneal cavity
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Anoscopy
visual examination of the anal canal using an anoscope (a lighted instrument)
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Ascites
the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
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Aspiration
the withdrawal of fluid that has abnormally collected (e.g., pleural cavity, abdominal cavity) or to obtain a specimen (e.g., cerebral spinal fluid)
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Biopsy
the removal and examination of tissue from the living body
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Blood chemistry
a number of other tests performed on blood serum (the liquid portion of the blood)
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Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
a measure of blood level of urea, the end product of protein metabolism
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Cannula
a tube with a lumen (channel) that is inserted into a cavity or duct and is often fitted with a trocar during insertion
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Clean catch specimen (CC) urine specimens for urine culture
Clean voided urine specimens for routine urinalysis
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Colonoscopy visual examination of the interior of the colon with a colonoscope
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Complete blood count
(CBC) specimens of venous blood which includes hemoglobin and hematocrit measurements, erythrocyte (RBC) count, leukocyte (WBC) count, red blood cell (RBC) indices, and a differential white cell count
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Computed tomography
(CT) a painless, noninvasive x-ray procedure that has the unique capability of distinguishing minor differences in the density of tissues
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Creatinine
a nitrogenous waste that is excreted in the urine
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Cystoscope
a lighted instrument used to visualize the interior of the urinary bladder
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Cystoscopy
visual examination of the urinary bladder with a cystoscope
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Echocardiogram
a noninvasive test that uses ultrasound to visualize structures of the heart and evaluate left ventricular function
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Electrocardiography
provides a graphic recording of the heart's electrical activity
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Guaiac test
a test performed for occult (hidden) blood to detect gastrointestinal bleeding not visible to the eye
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Hemoglobin
the red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen
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Hemoptysis
the presence of blood in the sputum
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Intravenous pyelography (IVP)
an x-ray filming of the kidney and ureters after injection of a radiopaque material into the vein
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Leukocyte
white blood cell
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Lumbar puncture
a procedure where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is withdrawn through a needle that is inserted into the subarachnoid space of the spinal canal between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae or between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
a noninvasive diagnostic scanning technique where the client is placed in a magnetic field
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Midstream urine specimen
see Clean-catch specimen
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Occult blood
hidden blood
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Peak level
indicates the highest concentration of the drug in the blood serum
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Phlebotomist
a person from a laboratory who performs venipuncture, collects the blood specimen for the tests ordered by the physician
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Polycythemia
a condition in which clients with chronic hypoxia may develop higher than normal counts of red blood cells
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Positron emission tomography (PET)
a non-invasive radiologic study which involves the injection or inhalation of a radioisotope
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Proctoscopy
the viewing of the rectum
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Proctosigmoidoscopy
the viewing of the rectum and sigmoid colon
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Radiopharmaceutical
a pharmaceutical (targeted to a specific organ) labeled with a radioisotope, administered through various routes, to determine hyperfuction or hypofunction of the organ
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RBC indices
may be performed as part of the CBC to evaluate the size, weight, and hemoglobin concentration of RBCs retrograde pyelography
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Reagent
substance used in a chemical reaction to detect a specific substance
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Saliva
the clear liquid secreted by the salivary glands in the mouth, sometimes referred to as "spit"
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Serum osmolality
a measure of the solute concentration of the blood
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Specific gravity
the weight or degree of concentration of a substance compared with that of an equal volume of another, such as distilled water, taken as a standard
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Sputum
the mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea
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Steatorrhea
an excessive amount of fat in the stool which can indicate faulty absorption of fat from the small intestine
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Stress electrocardiography
uses ECGs to assess the client's response to an increased cardiac workload during exercise
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Thoracentesis
Insertion of a needle into the pleural cavity for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes
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Trocar
an instrument used to measure the pressure of fluids or gases
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Trough level
represents the lowest concentration of the drug in the blood serum
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Ultrasonography
the use of ultrasound to produce an image of an organ or tissue
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Urine osmolality
a measure of the solute concentration of urine, a more exact measurement of urine concentration than specific gravity
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Venipuncture
puncture of a vein for collection of a blood specimen or for infusion of therapeutic solutions
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White blood cell
(WBC) see leukocyte
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