IDSC - Test C

situation where ads appear alongside text the advertiser would like to avoid

the amount charged every time an ad appears 1,000 times

traverse available websites to perform a given task - search engines use them to discover documents for indexing and retrieval

search

temporary storage space used to speed computing tasks

each time an ad is shown to a user

web page displayed when a user clicks on an ad

number of users who clicked an ad divided by the number of times the ad was delivered

software for creating, maintaining, and manipulating data - give programmers an interface between an application and the data, provide a way for all users to access the data in common ways

a language used to create and manipulate databases

list of data, arranged in columns or fields and rows or records

a column in a database table - represent each category of data contained in a record

a row in a database table - represent a single instance of whatever the table keeps track of

field(s) used to relate tables in a database

most common standard for expressing databases, whereby tables (files) are related based on common keys

one of two dominant database types, follows the five Vs

a technical administrative process for data that includes acquiring, validating, storing, protecting, and processing to ensure data is accessible, and timely

a set of databases to support decision-making in an organization - structured for fast online queries and explanation, collects data from many different operational systems

volume, velocity, variety (also: veracity & value)

field in table used to uniquely identify a record in a table and to relate separate tables in a database, like a social security number

the nature/degree of relationships between entities - one-to-one (i.e. employee & parking space), one-to-many (i.e. product line & product), many-to-many (i.e. student & course)

Aircraft and jet engine health-monitoring solutions are at the heart of predictive maintenance. Advances in gathering and analysis of sensor data have transformed the practice. Aircraft manufacturers have partnered with suppliers to develop algorithms and the technology platforms that effectively handle big data of all varieties for maintenance end users. Boeing and Airbus offer aircraft health monitoring for their customers. Data impacts results. Aviation Week predicts engine maintenance costs will account for roughly one-third of all aftermarket costs over the next decade. Data is combined from engines, aircraft, weather, fleet history, and spare parts. The amount of engine data transmitted before and after each flight is measured in terabytes. Monitoring solutions (big data) now impact 70% of an airline's direct operating costs, up from 4% when they were introduced.

A lender can gain a broader picture of borrower financials with third-party data, such as employers, banks, brokerage firms, credit bureaus, credit scores, tax returns, credit card statements, or even cell-phone payment histories. By using the insights gleaned from big data, lenders can learn a lot more about borrowers with little credit history or just a generic credit score. For example - a lot of millennials don't take out car loans, use credit cards, or work as salaried employees. They do have bank accounts, pay cell phone bills, and often use mobile payment apps - all of which can help lenders to decide whether they're a good credit risk. Lenders can build alternative models to evaluate applicants from underserved communities, many of whom lack definitive credit histories

graphical advertising (as opposed to text ads)

online ads that include animation, audio, or video

ads that run before a user arrives at their intended destination in a website or app

sets common standards for display ads so that a single creative can run unmodified across multiple ad networks and websites

the design and content of an advertisement

a concept where advertisers don't pay unless someone clicks on their ad

a method of charging for advertising whenever a user responds to an ad by performing a specified activity, such as signing up for a service, requesting material, or making a purchase

a CPA program where program sponsors pay referring websites a percentage of revenue earned from the referral

acquiring startups as a means of securing new talent

value of a firm calculated by multiplying its share price by the number of shares

search engine results returned and ranked according to relevance

algorithm to rank websites

process of improving a page's organic search results

creating a series of bogus websites, all linking back to the pages one is trying to promote

internet content that cannot be indexed by search engines

designing, running, and optimizing search-engine ad campaigns

advertisements targeted based on a user's query

a broad measure of ad performance

ads generated automatically based on the content of the website

a link that takes a user to a specific webpage or launches an app and brings up a unique location rather than just launching the app

links advertisers to websites and other content providers willing to host advertisements in exchange payment

advertising based on the website's content

keywords that prevent an ad from showing up when specific terms are present

a short-range communication standard for contactless payments and transactions

relational and big data

simple, fast, and designed to handle vast amounts of data by enterprise applications

raw facts and figures

data presented in a context so that it can answer a question or support decision making

insight derived from experience and expertise (based on data and information)

single table or a collection of related tables

job title focused on directing, performing, or overseeing activities associated with a database or set of databases

primary key used in second table as look-up field to identify records from original table

database(s) focused on addressing the concerns of a specific problem or business unit

a method of querying and reporting that takes data from standard relational databases, calculates and summarizes data, and then stores the data in a special database called a data cube

a catch-all term for storage and access technologies used in big data - systems that allow for the storage of data in both structured as well as raw, unfiltered formats - provide the tools to pipe out data, filter it, and refine it so it can be turned into information

a set of mostly open-source tools to manage massive amounts of unstructured data for storage, extraction, and computation

refers to a cloud service that provides tools to extract and transform data from disparate sources so that it can be interrogated as needed

flexibility, scalability, cost effectiveness, fault tolerance

identifying and retrieving relevant electronic information to support litigation efforts

the global mapping of users and organizations and how they are connected

when the value of a product or service increases as its number of users expands

the cost a consumer incurs when moving from one product to another - can involve actual money spent (e.g., buying a new product) as well as investments in time, any data loss, and so forth

a strategy whereby a firm with a significant customer base adds a feature to an existing product or service and eliminates the need for any rival, stand-alone platforms

a collection of resources available for access over the internet

software that is free and whose code can be accessed and potentially modified by anyone

systems distributed throughout the internet (or other network) that help to improve the delivery (and hence loading) speeds of Web pages and other media, typically by spreading access across multiple sites located closer to users

data that a customer has explicitly shared with a firm

data that is collected through customer interaction with the firm, rather than data that is explicitly provided by the consumer - a firm profiles a customer as they browse the website, keeping track of pages visited to better understand their preferences

data that is collected by one firm and shared with a partner organization

data that is collected by a company that has not had a formal relationship with a customer - a company analyzes demographics of a neighborhood based on available data, creating a database of residents, ages, approximate income, etc. - many firms buy it to combine with their own databases to provide a greater degree of accuracy and better analysis

a line of uniquely identifying text stored by a web browser - can only be retrieved by the web server that assigned it

a cookie that is assigned by the website a browser is currently visiting

cookies that are served by an entity that is not the firm that owns the web page that you are visiting

invisible single-pixel images that are served on an individual webpage, email, or other online service and can tell if a user has visited that page, opened the mail, played the game, etc.

lets a website show custom, targeted ads to a user when visiting other sites if that user has already visited a given page on the advertiser's site - allows firms to 'reintroduce' products to users or target them with special messages and promotions

information collected about a remote computing device for the purpose of identification