Endocrine

The ________ gland is located deep between the cerebral hemisphere attached to the roof of the third venticle.

Adenylate cyclase causes ATP molecules to become ________ molecules

The thyroid gland has a special ability to remove ________ from the blood.

________ inhibits the activity of bone-resorbing osteoclasts.

________ hormone acts primarily on the kidneys and causes them to conserve water.

A person under stress may have a lowered resistance to ________.

The pancreas functions as part of the endocrine system and as a part fo the ________ system.

The condition produced by factors that tend to cause changes is the body's internal environment and threaten its survival is called ________.

The central portion of the adrenal gland is the adrenal ________.

The sex hormones from the adrenal cortex are primarily ________.

insulin

cortisol

oxytocin

PTH

prolactin

thymosin

FSH and LH

ACTH

TH

aldosterone

ADH

glucagon

Which of the following hormones exerts its effect primarily upon the reproductive organs?

A) adrenocorticotropic hormone
B) follicle-stimulating hormone
C) thyrotropin
D) prolactin-releasing factor

Exocrine glands differ from endocrine glands in that exocrine glands

A) secrete through ducts to the exterior of the body
B) secrete only into the bloodstream.
C) secrete only local hormones.
D) only secrete salts.

Hormones

A) regulate metabolism.
B) help regulate water and electrolyte balance and blood pressure.
C) have functions in growth, reproduction, and development.
D) All of the choices are correct.

Adenylate cyclase causes ATP molecules to become ________ molecules.

A) receptor
B) hormone
C) cyclic AMP
D) ADP

Hormones that the posterior pituitary secretes are synthesized in the

A) posterior pituitary.
B) thalamus
C) anterior pituitary.
D) hypothalamus

Which of the following hormones requires a releasing hormone from the hypothalamus for its secretion?

A) calcitonin
B) antidiuretic hormone
C) prolactin
D) oxytocin

Endocrine gland that is located at the base of the brain is called the

A) pituitary gland
B) pancreas
C) thyroid gland
D) thymus gland

Nonsteroid hormones act upon their target cells by causing

A) the inactivation of adenylate cyclase.
B) cyclic AMP to be decomposed.
C) the activation of adenylate cyclase.
D) cyclic AMP to become ATP.

Steroid hormones are derived from

A) cholesterol
B) nucleic acids
C) water
D) proteins

The definition of endocrine is also the unique identifier for the system. It means

A) acting upon target cells.
B) internal secretion.
C) fast-acting compound.
D) hormone synthesis.

The endocrine gland that is located on the superior most portion of the kidneys is the

A) adrenal gland
B) parathyroid gland
C) pancreas
D) thyroid gland

The hormone that the pineal gland secretes is

A) melanoma
B) myostatin
C) beta endorphin
D) melatonin

Tropic hormones

A) only function in the tropics.
B) function in only one sex.
C) block the actions of hormones that endocrine glands secrete.
D) stimulate certain endocrine glands to secrete hormones.

______ controls hormone concentrations

A) exposure to the sun
B) muscle contration
C) positive feedback mechanisms
D) negative feedback mechanisms

Which of these hormones is secreted from the adrenal cortex?

A) cortisol
B) adrenaline
C) epinephrine
D) glucagon

The hormone that triggers the breakdown of glycogen into glucose when the body needs more energy is called

A) somatostatin
B) insulin
C) glucagon
D) thymosin

______ controls hormone concentrations.

A) muscle contration
B) exposure to the sun
C) positive feedback mechanisms
D) negative feedback mechanisms

Type of chemical secretion that affects only the neighboring cells of the secreting cells

A) autocrine secretions
B) paracrine secretions
C) none of the above
D) exocrine secretions

Part of the adrenal gland that secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

A) adrenal cortex
B) adrenal medulla
C) anterior lobe
D) posterior lobe

All hormones are

A) steroids.
B) proteins.
C) inorganic compounds.
D) organic compounds.

The secretion of parathyroid hormone is controlled primarily by the

A) thyroid gland.
B) concentration of blood calcium.
C) pituitary gland.
D) hypothalamus.

Growth hormones

A) stimulates bone and muscle growth
B) increases the rate of protein synthesis
C) enhance the movement of amino acids into cells
D) all of the above

Aldosterone promotes the homeostasis of ions by causing the kidneys to

A) conserve sodium and potassium.
B) excrete sodium and potassium.
C) excrete sodium and conserve potassium.
D) conserve sodium and excrete potassium.

Exocrine glands differ from endocrine glands in that exocrine glands

A) secrete through ducts to the exterior of the body
B) secrete only local hormones.
C) only secrete salts.
D) secrete only into the bloodstream.

Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

A) pancreas
B) thyroid gland
C) anterior pituitary
D) liver

Cortisol acts to

A) increase the permeability of capillary walls.
B) increase the permeability of lysosomal membranes.
C) stimulate the production of glucose from noncarbohydrates.
D) promote the storage of amino acids in the form of proteins.

The specificity of hormone action derives from

A) target cell receptors that are unique for each hormones.
B) target cell receptors that bind only certain neurotransmitters.
C) target cell receptors that are unique for all nonsteroid hormones.
D) target cell receptors that are unique for all steroid hormones.