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what does the Pharynx and larynx do
connect the trachea
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what does the trachea split into
right and left bronchi
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what does the bronchi split into
bronchioles
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what does the Mucociliary apparatus do
protective mechanism, moves object up so it can be coughed out
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what lines the bronchi and what are they
columnar epithelial cells, has cilia and excrete mucus from goblet cells
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what happens in the Turbinates
place where air is wormed and humidified
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What type of muscle is in the bronchial walls?
smooth muscle fiber
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What are the alveoli: what are they covered in and what happens there?
Alevli, grape like clusters lined with surfactant, uses surface tension to keep lung open
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What causes bronchoconstriction or bronchodilation?
bronchoconstriction is caused by parasympathetic stimulation, bronchodilation is caused by sympathetic stimulation
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What are the 4 main functions of the respiratory system
Oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange, Regulation of acid-base balance, Body temperature regulation, Voice production
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what are the four ways the respiratory system works
Ventilation, Distribution, Diffusion, Perfusion
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What are the major defense mechanisms in the respiratory system?
Nasal cavity turbinates, Protective reflexes, Mucociliary clearance
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What are the 3 main ways to treat respiratory disorders?
Control secretions, Control reflexes, Maintain normal airflow to alveoli
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What is the difference between a nebulizer and an inhaler?
nebulizer is Smaller particles that go further into the system, inhaler is Particles to the upper airway
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How do expectorants work?
makes it easier for the mucous to be removed
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How do bronchodilators work?
relaxes the muscle in the lungs and widens the airways to make it easier to breath.
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What is a mucolytic?
breaks up mucous in lungs to make it easier to breath
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when do you use antitussives?
when the cough is non productive
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Why would you use steroids in the respiratory system?
steroids have a strong anti inflammatory effect when given as a inhalant
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