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Geography
- study of the lands, features, inhabitants, & phenomena of the Earth & planets.
- seeks an understanding of Earth & its human and natural complexities
- geography comes from Greek word
- geo & graphien
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means “earth description”.
geo
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means To write/recording or describing.
graphien
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the first person to use the word Geography
Eratosthenes
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the most probable earliest globe was constructed by the Greek geographer _
Crate of Mallus.
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Geography is often defined in terms of 2 branches:
- human geography
- physical geography.
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Studies people & their communities, cultures, economies, & interactions w/ environment
Human geography
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studies the processes & patterns in the natural environment like atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and geosphere.
Physical geography
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10 Lines on the Globe
- Equator
- Prime Meridian
- Parallel Lines (Lines of Latitude)
- Meridian Lines(Lines of Longitude)
- Tropic of Cancer
- Tropic of Capricorn
- Arctic circle
- Antarctic Circle
- International Date Line
- Axis
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imaginary line drawn around the earth equally distant from both poles
Equator
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imaginary line of 0° longitude, starting point for measuring distance both east and west
Prime Meridian
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geographic coordinate that specifies the north-south position
Parallel Lines (Lines of Latitude)
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angle which ranges from 0° at the Equator 90° (North or South) at the poles.
Latitude
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measurement east or west of the Prime Meridian.
Meridian Lines (Lines of Longitude)
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measured by imaginary lines that run around the Earth vertically (up and down)
Longitude
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parallel of latitude 23.5 degrees (23.50 ) north of the equator where the sun can appear directly overhead.
Tropic of Cancer
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parallel of latitude 23.5 degrees south of the equator where the sun can appear
Tropic of Capricorn
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runs 66.5 degrees north of the Equator.
Arctic Circle
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runs 66.5 degrees south of the Equator.
Antarctic Circle
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imaginary line of demarcation on the surface of the Earth, defines the boundary between calendar dates
International Date Line (IDL)
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imaginary line that goes through the center of the earth from north pole to south pole,
Axis
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where the earth rotates
Axis
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