Health and the Sustainable Development Goals Part Two

The rapid assistance given to people or countries in immediate distress to relieve suffering, during and after human-made emergencies and natural disasters

• Purposes:
• - meet immediate need
• - save lives, reduce suffering
• - reduce further impacts by meeting the needs of those affected

• Characteristics:
• - rapid assistance
• - provision of basic supplies (food, water, temporary shelter, etc)
• - short-term provision

Where aid is given by the government of one country directly to the government of another country

• Purposes:
• - meet the needs of the country and its people
• - build relationships between countries
• - promote health and wellbeing, sustainable economic growth, and prosperity

• Characteristics:
• - long term assistance
• - focused on development
• - provision of essential infrastructure (roads)
• - focus on education
• - building civil society

Where aid is provided through international organisations to a country. Combines donations from a number of high-income countries and distributes them to recipients, usually MIC or LIC

• Purposes:
• - large-scale programs focused on global health and wellbeing, and sustainable development
• - can reach and impact the lives of many people
• - provided to those most in need

• Characteristics:
• - provided by an international organisation, such as the UN or Worldbank
• - funded by donations from a number of countries
• - medical programs such as large-scale vaccinations
• - provision of food where most needed

• Strengths:
• - helps relieve suffering during and after
• - seeks to keep people alive
• - helps improve short-term health and wellbeing

• Limitations:
• - short-term and does not seek to eliminate poverty
• - can lead to dependency on aid if maintained for too long

• Strengths:
• - helps reduce poverty and brings about long-term sustainable development
• - meets the needs of country and its people
• - helps governments strengthen their economic, political, health and wellbeing systems to become long-term self-sufficient

• Limitations:
• - government receiving could be corrupt, aid funds may not be spent on the intended purposes
• - often focused on urban areas, and neglect poorest people living in remote rural villages

• Strengths:
• - often used to address global issues and to fund major infrastructure projects
• - contributes to acheivement in equity
• - is less tied to the political interests of individual donor countries

• Limitations:
• - some of the funds must be spent by the agency itself for administration purposes

• - achieve the SDGs
• - strengthen private sector development in Australia
• - enable human development
• - develop and maintain strong partnerships with countries
• - strengthen economic growth and reduce poverty
• - promote regional stability

• - by working in partnerships we learn from and leverage one another's experiences and resources to achieve our development's objectives 
• - promote sustainable economic growth and prosperity

- Achieve significant developments results. Their reach, leverage, specialisation and other strengths play a critical role in Australia meet its International Development Objectives

• Eg:
• United Nations

- Collaboration between a government agency and a private-sector company that can be used to finance, build, and operate projects

DFAT is partnering with the Australian Council for Educational Research’s (ACER) Centre for Global Education Monitoring to improve monitoring of learning. ACER is an Independent educational research center with self-generating income. This partnership is enabling countries in our region to access technical advice from a global leader on assessment.

• Development priorities 
• - pacific
• - southeast asia

• Building resilience
• - climate action and climate financing
• - humanitarian

Expanding opportunities for everyone

- maximises the impacts and reach of Australian aid and are key partners in our joint efforts to encourage sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction.

• Eg:
• WorldVision
• World food programme: school meals
• wateraid
• UN

• a peaceful, prosperous, and resilient pacific region
• DFAT contributions:
• - education in samoa, increased access for 40,000 children
• - labour mobility: Kiribari's participation in labour and seasonal worker programs

• promote prosperity, peace, and stability in southeast Asia
• DFAT contributions:
• - Cambodia: increased agricultural production and reduced rural poverty
• - Laos: cleared land from unexploded ordnance, increasing productivity

• addressing the causes of climate change and assissting our partners in reducing the impacts of climate change
• DFAT contributions:
• - ReefCloud: coral reef monitoring technology
• - Climate Resillient by Nature: community-led ecosystem restoration

• DFAT works to provide swift responses to global disasters by providing material resources, finance and personnel
• DFAT contributions: 
• - managed and deployed emergency stores feeding 2.5 million people
• - specialists capabilities in humanitarian response

• ensures that Australia's aid program promotes opportunities for all people, especially those who often experience discrimination, those with disabilities, and children
• DFAT contributions:
• - gender equality: programs with a gender equality objective
• - support for women: initiatives for women's safety and economic opportunities

• Not for profit organisations
• Organised on local, national, or international levels. 
• - Often focusses on communities.

By improving conditions and providing opportunities and choices, NGOs are able to promote health and wellbeing, and human development, beyond providing emergency aid during crisis situations

• Examples:
• Health and wellbeing - 
• The Tabitha Foundation Cambodia is an NGO working to enable the poorest Cambodians to recognise and develop skills and resources in a way that brings dignity and respect, promoting spiritual health and wellbeing by aiding feelings of belonging. 

• Human development -
• WorldVision Australia is another NGO that works with poor communities, empowering them with knowledge, skills, and resources to enable them to lift themselves out of poverty to achieve their goals. 

• Transparency and Mutual Accountability 
• Results Focused
• Inclusive Partnerships
• Country Ownership

• Examples:

• - In countries where corruption is more common, transparency is important for people to be able to trust that the aid is going directly to those it is intended for.
• - It is vital for financial accountability to be transparent with all the money and resources being used for the program and nothing else

• - Efforts must be focused on eradicating poverty and reducing inequalities, helping those most in need
• - Actions must also be sustainable, which means they can continue beyond the duration of the program

• - partnerships can provide financial support such as funding
• - inclusive partnerships involve working with the local community

• - involves local people, especially those most in need
• - when local people are involved, they are more likely to respond positively to the aid, and become empowered to take control of their own lives

• its purpose:
• Un's food aid agency mandated to combat global hunger worldwide. Involves responding to emergencies, providing direct assistance and strengthening countries' capacity to respond well to needs in emergency food situations. In 2018, more than 16.4 million children benefitted from the nutritious WFP meal and snacks. 

• SDG/s addressed:
• SDG 2: zero hunger
• leading to enhanced nutrition and health, decreasing morbidity
• SDG 1: no poverty
• SDG 3: good health and wellbeing
• SDG 4: gender equality

• details of implementation and the partnerships involved:
• Where possible, the program sources local food, generating employment and economic opportunities for the local community. The type of aid used in this program is multilateral. The WFP works in a collaborative approach with governments and communities to build and take over the ownership of the program in local communities and reach the most vulnerable people.

• contribution to promoting health and wellbeing:
• Nutritious meals promote physical health and wellbeing, addressing the issues of malnutrition and enabling efficient functioning of the body. They provide energy for children to attend school, concentrate and play. Attending school contributes to mental health and wellbeing by developing improved decision-making skills, an increased sense of confidence and optimism about the future.

• human development:
• This program provides incentives for children to attend school and develop skills and knowledge. Children are encouraged to stay at school and increased education levels improve employment and earning opportunities for them as adults.

'individuals or group behaviors that involves interaction with other individuals or groups; organised action toward social reform.'

• - being aware
• - being an advocate
• - supporting fair trade
• - actively promoting social change and action using social media
• - making donations and contributions to aid agencies in times of need and a regular basis to support aid work
• - speaking out about social change
• - thinking and acting sustainably, and ensuring resources are available now and in the future
• - using purchasing power for good

• Physical health and wellbeing:
• - donations and contributions.
• these funds could be used for programs such as the development of safe water and sanitation, thus decreasing risks of waterborne diseases and in turn aiding physical health and wellbeing (decrease risk of infectuous diseases)

• Spiritual health and wellbeing:
• - social media and raising awareness 
• Finding out more about social issues and implementing awareness campaigns locally or through social media outlets can help reduce industries that rely on forced labour, promoting feelings of self-esteem among the workers and thus promoting spiritual health and wellbeing.