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Exam 1 (Biochemistry I)

  1. What is ATP?
    adenosine triphosphate; ribose sugar with cyclic amine and phosphate group
  2. Why is NADPH a dinucleotide?
    it has 2 nucleotides
  3. What is high fidelity?
    organisms reproduce virtually identical copies of themselves
  4. What are biomolecules?
    carbon compounds
  5. What's a linear alphatic molecule?
    stearic acid
  6. What's a cyclic molecule?
    cholesterol
  7. What's a planar molecule?
    chlorophyll
  8. What is chlorophyll?
    porphyrin + Mg2+
  9. What is hemoglobin?
    porphyrin + Fe
  10. What is the structural organization of complex biomolecules?
    metabolites and macromolecules- organelles-membranes-cells
  11. How much energy is in noncovalent interactions?
    4-30 kJ/mol
  12. How much energy is in covalent interactions?
    300-400 kJ/mol
  13. Equation for Kw
    Kw=[H+][OH-]=1.0x10^-14
  14. Equation for pH
    pH=-log[H+]
  15. Equation for pOH
    pOH=-log[OH-]
  16. Equation for [H3O+]
    10^-pH
  17. Equation for [OH-]
    10^-pOH
  18. Equation for Ka
    Ka=[H+][A-]/[HA]
  19. Equation for pKa
    pKa=-logKa
  20. What does a large Ka mean?
    lots of dissociation
  21. Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
    pH=pKa+log([A-]/[HA])
  22. What is the principal buffer system of the cells?
    the phosphate buffer system
  23. How do you choose a buffer?
    suitable pKa, no interference with the reaction, suitable ionic strength and solubility, no biological activity
  24. What is the equation for energy?
    ΔE= sum of the heat (q) + work (w)
  25. What is the equation for enthalpy?
    ΔH= ΔE
  26. What does it mean to be endothermic?
    ΔH>0
  27. What does it mean to be exothermic?
    ΔH<0
  28. What is entropy a measure of?
    disorder
  29. What is the equation for Gibbs free energy?
    ΔG= ΔH-TΔS
  30. What does it mean to be endergonic?
    ΔG<0
  31. What does it mean to be exergonic?
    ΔG>0
  32. What is another equation for Gibbs free energy?
    ΔG= G°+RTlnKeq
  33. What does it mean when ΔS<0?
    the final state is more ordered; unfavorable
  34. What does it mean when ΔS>0?
    the final state is less ordered; more favorable
  35. What is ΔG dependent on?
    reactants and reaction conditions (pH, temperature, pressure, etc.)
  36. Image Upload 2
    NADH
  37. Image Upload 4
    NAD+
  38. What does NADH stand for?
    Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide
Author
gbiebs
ID
365687
Card Set
Exam 1 (Biochemistry I)
Description
Updated

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