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the ability to judge, check or even critique
evaluation
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the ability to put parts together to form a coherent or unique new whole.
synthesis
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the ability to break down/ distinguish the parts of the material into their components
Analysis
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ability to use learned material, or to implement material in new and concrete situations.
Application
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The ability to grasp or construct meaning from material.
comprehension
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remembering or retrieving previously learned material.
knowledge
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involves students ability to look at someones else’s ideas & the value of conclusion.
evaluation
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students are able to take various pieces of information and form a whole creating a pattern where one did not previously exist.
synthesis
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types of learning outcomes to consider 6
- knowledge
- understanding
- application
- analyzing
- synthesis
- evaluating
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internal changes in students, such as attitudes, values, or understandings, which are not directly visible or measurable.
non-observable learning outcomes
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specific, measurable, & directly visible in student behavior/ performance learning outcome
observable learning outcomes
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specific, measurable statements that describe what students are expected to know, understand at end of lesson
learning outcomes
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tasks/exercises that students engage in to acquire knowledge, skills, or attitudes. These activities are designed to help students achieve the learning outcomes.
Learning activities
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-students expected to exhibit at end of lesson
instructional objectives
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- specific and measurable statement of learners behavior
instructional objectives
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Outline the competencies /skills of students
General program objectives
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- more narrowly defined statement
General program Objectives
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broad statement, Do not include specific level of performance
goals
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play an important role in both instructional and assessment process
Instructional goals and objectives
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Serve as a guide for both teaching and learning process.
Instructional goals and objectives
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Communicate the purpose of instruction to stakeholders. Provide standards for evaluating student performance
Instructional goals and objectives
-
4 main things that objectives should specify
- Audience (who)
- Observable behavior (What?)
- Special conditions (How?)
- Stating criterion level (How much)
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Who are the specific people the objectives
Audience
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What do you expect them to do?
Observable behavior
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Under what circumstances will learning occur
Special condition
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Most specific criteria be met?
Stating criterion level
-
Educational objective is also known as
instructional objective
-
specific, measurable goals that outline what students achieve during learning period
Educational objective
-
2 Types of educational objectives
- Specific / Behavioral objective
- General / Expressive objective
-
precise statement of behavior to be exhibited by students
Specific / Behavioral objective
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statement wherein the behaviors are not usually specified & criterion, performance level is not specified
General / Expressive objective
-
2Types of learning outcomes
- Observable learning outcomes
- Non-observable outcomes
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Useful in identifying types of learning outcomes that should be considered
Taxonomy
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a former student of Bloom together with Krathwolh, revised Bloom’s taxonomy of the cognitive domain
LORIN ANDERSON
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focuses on active learning and helps educators create better learning objectives.
Revised Bloom’s taxonomy
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3 domains of educational activities
- Cognitive domain
- Affective domain
- Psychomotor domain
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outcomes of mental activity
Cognitive domain
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give 4 example of Cognitive domain
Memorizing, reading, problem solving, analyzing
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lowest cognitive level,
Remembering
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Retrieving, recalling, or recognizing knowledge from memory
Remembering
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higher level of mental ability than remembering)
Understanding
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Constructing meaning from different types of functions be they written or graphic message
Understanding
-
learner to implement (use) the information.
Applying
-
learned material is used through products like models, presentations, interviews or simulations
Applying
-
requires the learners to break the information into parts and describe the relationship
Analyzing
-
student make a judgment about materials /methods based on criteria & standard
Evaluating
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student generate new ideas, products and ways of viewing things
Creating
-
this process is the most difficult mental function in the new taxonomy
Creating
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Emphasize feeling tone, emotion, degree of accepatnce/rejection
Affective domain
-
5 Levels of affective domain
- Receiving
- Responding
- Valuing
- Organization
- Characterization by value/value set
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Learners are willing to listen, Ex:listen to ideas of others w/ respect
Receiving
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Learners are willing to participate, Participate in class actively
Responding
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Learners are willing to be involved, Demonstrate beliefs
Valuing
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Learners are willing to be an advocate
Organization
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Learners are willing to change behavior, lifestyle, Shows self-reliance when working independently
Characterization by value/value set
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characterized by the progressive levels of behaviors from observation to mastery of physical skills.
Psychomotor domain
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physical movement, coordination, and use of the motor-skill areas.
Psychomotor domain
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6 Levels of psychomotor domain
- Perception
- Set
- Guided response
- Mechanism
- Complex overt response
- adaption
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The ability to use sensory cues to guide motor activity. Ex: Detects nonverbal communication cues.
Perception
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Readiness to act. It includes mental, physical, and emotional sets.
Set
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early stages in learning a complex skill that includes imitation and trial and error
Guided response
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intermediate stage in learning a complex skill.
Mechanism
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skillful performance of motor acts that involves complex movement patterns
Complex overt response
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Skills are well developed and the individual can modify movement patterns
Adaption
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Observe a skill and attempts to repeat it.
Imitation
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Reproduce activity from instruction or memory.
Manipulation
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Execute skill reliably, independent of help.
Precision
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Coordinating a series of actions, achieving harmony
Articulation
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Automotive, unconscious mastery of activity
Naturalization
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Reaction that are not learned
Reflex movements
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Inherent movement patterns which are formed by combinations of reflex movements
Fundamental movements
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Response to stimuli such as visual, auditory, kinesthetic,
Perception
-
Stamina that must be developed for further development such as strength and agility.
Physical activities
-
Advanced learned movements found in sports/acting
Skilled Movements
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Effective body language. such as gestures and facial expressions.
No Discursive Communication
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