CNS.csv

consists of cell bodies; unmyelinated

consists of axons; myelinated; white color comes from the lipid content of the myelin

gray matter of the CNS; found at the surface

gray matter of the CNS; found below the surface (below the cortex)

gray matter of the PNS

white matter of the PNS

a tract that crosses to the contralateral side of the body

white matter of the CNS

white matter of the CNS

white matter of the CNS

white matter of the CNS

white matter of the CNS

sensory input

motor output

coronal; sagittal; horizontal

cerebrum; diencephalon; midbrain; pons; medulla oblungata; cerebellum; spinal cord

consists of the thalamus and the hypothalamus

connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain

consists of the midbrain and pons and medulla

deep grooves that separate major areas of the brain

separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum

separates the cerebral hemispheres

grooves on the surface of the brain

twisted ridges between the sulci

found anterior to the central sulcus

found posterior to the central sulcus

includes the caudate and putamen and globus pallidus; defines a circuit of discrete structures involved in motor function

separates the parietal/temporal lobes from the occipital lobe

separates the temporal from the frontal/parietal lobes

found deep within the lateral sulcus; between the parietal & frontal & temporal lobes

portion of the brain covering the insular cortex; made up of the gray matter surrounding the lateral sulcus

a c-shaped structure; part of the basal ganglia; found against the wall of the lateral ventricle; involved in learning and memory

a round structure; part of the basal ganglia; found in conjunction with the caudate nucleus

an area of white matter in the brain that contains both ascending and descending axons

part of the basal ganglia; found deep to the putamen

made up of the putamen and globus pallidus within the basal ganglia

"also called the striate nucleus; ""striped"" because the internal capsule divides it into the caudate and putamen"

sensory areas; motor areas; association areas

a sensory or motor map of the body in the brain

a somatotopic representation of the brain's devotion to body regions

postcentral gyrus

precentral gyrus

occipital lobe

the superior part of the temporal lobe near the lateral cerebral sulcus

base of the postcentral gyrus

responsible for integration and interpretation of sensory information

responsible for identification and localization of an object in a visual field

responsible for the planning of voluntary movements; utilizes processed sensory information

involves damage to Broca's area; involves an inability to produce spoken language; ability to understand language is unharmed

involves damage to Wernicke's area; involves an inability to comprehend and produce sensical language; ability to form words and sounds is unharmed

found just anterior to the premotor cortex; usually on the left hemisphere

found in the superior part of the anterior central gyrus; involved in language processing

primary visual cortex; association visual cortices

olfactory; gustatory; auditory; visual; somatosensory

involves the scalp; the skull; the meninges; and CSF

system of membranes that envelop the CNS; consists of the dura mater and the arachnoid mater and the pia mater

the outer membranous layer of the CNS; closely associated with the skull; tough and durable layer; composed of the periosteal and meingeal layers

the middle membranous layer of the CNS; closely associated with the dura mater; thin membrane with a web-like appearance; provides cushioning

the inner membranous layer of the CNS; closely associated with the brain; very thin and delicate membrane

the superficial layer of the dura mater

the deep layer of the dura mater; splits from the periosteal layer to form the tentorium cerebelli and the falx cerebri

spaces formed by separation of the two layers of dura; filled with venous blood

a dural sinus formed at the most superior part of the brain between the two hemispheres

a projection of the meningeal layer of the dura mater; separates the occipital lobes from the cerebrum in a horizontal plane

a projection of the meningeal layer of the dura mater; separates the two hemispheres of the brain in a sagittal plane

spaces and potential spaces formed between the meninges of the CNS

the potential space between the bone and the dura mater

the potential space between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater

the fluid-filled space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater

pooling of blood outside of the blood vessels

pooling of blood between the skull and the dura mater; occurs after traumatic injury to the middle meningeal artery between the bone and the dura mater; acute presentation often associated with a lurid period; more immediately dangerous type of intracranial hematoma

pooling of blood between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater; occurs after traumatic injury to the vein between the brain and the dura; less immediately dangerous but often associated with more serious brain injuries than epidural hematomas

a system of CSF-containing structures in the brain

a membrane in the sagittal plane that separates the lateral ventricles

part of the ventricular system; associated with the cerebrum

part of the ventricular system; assocated with the diencephalon

part of the ventricular system; associated with the cerebellum and pons and medulla

CSF-filled space that connects the lateral ventricles with the third ventricle

CSF-filled space that connects the fourth ventricle with the CSF-containing space surrounding the spinal cord

CSF-filled space connecting the lateral ventricals with the third ventricle

CSF-filled space connecting the fourth ventricle with the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain

specialized vasculature within the ventricular system that produces CSF

lateral ventricles -> intraventricular foramen -> third ventricle -> cerebral aqueduct -> fourth ventricle -> central canal and lateral/medial apertures ->spinal cord and subarachnoid space

overproduction of CSF; obstructed flow of CSF; inadequate resorption of CSF

projections of the arachnoid mater into the dura mater; resorb CSF

primarily supplied through the circle of Willis; pattern of anastomoses varies greatly from person to person

network/branching of blood vessels

anterior cerebral arteries; anterior communicating artery; internal carotid arteries; middle cerebral arteries; posterior cerebral arteries; posterior communicating arteries; basilar artery

part of the peripheral nervous system that involves involuntary control of visceral functions

part of the peripheral nervous system that involves voluntary control of skeletal muscles

part of the autonomic nervous system; involves stimulation of resting body functions such as digestion

"part of the autonomic nervous system; involves stimulation of the ""fight-or-flight"" response"

a circle of arteries that provides the primary blood source to the brain; redundant to minimize damage due to arterial blockage or damage