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What protects the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
Meninges, bone (skull & vertebrae), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
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How often is cerebrospinal fluid reabsorbed and replaced?
Every 6-7 hours.
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What are the types of strokes based on the location of the bleed?
Epidural hematoma, Subdural hematoma, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Intracerebral hemorrhage.
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How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31 pairs (8 Cervical, 12 Thoracic, 5 Lumbar, 5 Sacral, 1 Coccygeal).
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What are the sensory distribution areas of dermatomes?
Skin areas supplied by specific spinal nerves, tested with pinwheel or cotton swab.
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What are myotomes?
Group of muscles innervated by the same nerve root.
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What is the Reflex Grading Scale?
0: No response, 1+: Diminished, 2+: Normal, 3+: Exaggerated, 4+: Hyperactive.
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What is the procedure for testing the Biceps Tendon Reflex?
Support the elbow, place thumb over the biceps tendon, strike through the thumb.
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What spinal level is tested with the Biceps Tendon Reflex?
C5-C6.
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What spinal level is associated with the Brachioradialis Tendon Reflex?
C5-C6.
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Which spinal level corresponds with the Triceps Tendon Reflex?
C6-C7.
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Which spinal level is tested with the Patellar Tendon Reflex?
L3-L4.
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What spinal levels are involved in the Achilles Tendon Reflex?
S1-S2.
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What spinal level is associated with the Babinski Reflex?
L5-S1.
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