The radius of down conductor bends shall not be less than ______ inches nor shall the angle of such bends be less than ________ degrees.
8 inches, 90 degrees (Page 41 in PDF)
What must intercept, or divert to themselves, any lightning stroke that might otherwise strike the building or structure being protected?
Air Terminals (lightning rods) (Page 42 in PDF)
To keep from exploding, igniting, or otherwise being destroyed, air terminals should be made of what?
Copper, Aluminum, brass, or bronze (Page 42 in PDF)
What is minimum diameter for solid copper, brass, or bronze air terminals?
27 cm (1/2 inch) (Page 42 in PDF)
What is the minimum diameter of a solid aluminum air terminal?
6 cm (5/8 inch) (Page 42 in PDF)
What is the zone of protection provided by air terminals?
1:1 zone of protection (Page 42 in PDF)
Air terminals must extend at least ______________ cm (____________ inches) directly above the object being protected and be of sufficient height as to provide a 1:1 zone of protection for adjacent objects (antennas and associated support/control towers, etc.).
4 cm (10 inches) (Page 42 in PDF)
Over hooded vents emitting explosive substances under natural draft, the air terminals should extend at least ____________ meters (____________ feet) above the opening.
5 meters (5 feet) (Page 42 in PDF)
Above open stacks emitting explosive substances under forced drafts, air terminals should extend at least __________ meters (____________ feet) above the opening.
5 meters (15 feet) (Page 42 in PDF)
Air terminal interval over the interior of flat and gently sloping roofs?
50 Feet intervals (Page 45 in PDF)
Terminals are to be provided within how many feet of corners, the end of ridges, or edge of main roofs?
2 feet (Page 45 in PDF)
Terminals less than 24 inches in height are to be spaced ___________ feet or less?
20 feet (Page 45 in PDF)
Terminals 24 inches or taller may be placed at intervals not exceeding __________ feet?
25 feet (Page 45 in PDF)
Provide each air terminal with a _______ __________ path to earth through the installation of roof and down conductors.
Two-way path (Page 51 in PDF)
What should be routed along ridges of gable, gambrel, and hip roofs, and around the perimeter of flat and gently sloping roofs?
Roof conductors (Page 51 in PDF)
Roof grounding conductors routed throughout decks, flat surfaces, and flat roofs should be interconnected to form closed lops to insure that all air terminals have at least how many paths to earth?
2 (Page 51 in PDF)
On roofs that exceed _________ feet in width, additional conductors are to be provided to interconnect the air terminals required to protect large flat areas.
50 feet (Page 51 in PDF)
At least how many down conductors are required on all structures except on slender objects like flag poles, antenna masts (not substantial towers), light poles, and the like?
2 (Page 57 in PDF)
What should be substantial in construction, not subject to breakage, and should be of the same material as the conductor or of a material that will preclude serious tendency towards electrolytic corrosion in the presence of moisture because of contact between the different metals?
Fasteners (Page 57 in PDF)
If the pole is made of a non-conducting material, provide an air terminal extending not less than ______ meters (_____ feet) nor more than _________ meters (______ feet) above the top of the pole.
Connect the base of the mast (if metal) or the down conductors to the earth electrode subsystem of the protected structure with at least a No. _________ AWG copper conductor or equivalent.
6 AWG (Page 58 in PDF)
If the poles are of a non-conducting material, an air terminal shall be securely mounted on the top of each pole, extending not less than _______ meters (_______ feet) above the top of the pole.
45 meters (1.5 feet) (Page 59 in PDF)
Down conductors and guy wires used as down conductors are to be connected to the _____ _______ subsystem of the structure being protected.
Earth Electrode Subsystem (Page 59 in PDF)
The height of the poles should be sufficient to provide a clearance of not less than ________ meters (_______ feet) between the overhead ground wire and the highest projection on the building.
8 meters (6 feet) (Page 59 in PDF)
When the overhead ground wire system is used to protect stacks or vents which emit explosive dusts, vapors, or gases under forced draft, the cable is installed so that it has a clearance of at least _________ meters (______ feet) above the object receiving protection.
5 meters (15 feet) (Page 59 in PDF)
Each _____________ shall be bonded to the down conductor of the air terminal at the top near the antenna and also at the bottom near the vertical to horizontal transition position.
Waveguide (Page 60 in PDF)
The waveguide shall also be bonded to the antenna tower at the same points as well as at an intermediate point of the tower exceeds __________ meters (__________ feet)?
60 meters, 200 feet (Page 60 in PDF)
Rigid waveguides within ______ meters (______ feet) of each other should be bonded together through the entry plate or by means of a crimp type lug fastened under the waveguide flange bolts and No. 6 AWG wire.
8 meters (6 feet) (Page 60 in PDF)
On shielded facilities what should be installed in an entry vault or inside the main service disconnect box?
Transient Suppression Devices (TSD’s) (Page 68 in PDF)
Since transients are induced on buried lines by electromagnetic waves created by lightning current flow, all buried incoming AC service lines should be completely enclosed in what type of conduit?
Ferrous metal, watertight conduit (Page 74 in PDF)
Since enclosing overhead incoming AC service lines in metal conduit is not feasible, experimentation has proven that the use of what wire provides an effective level of protection for overhead service conductors against direct lightning strikes?
Overhead Guard Wire (Page 74 in PDF)
To be effective, the height of the guard wire must be that required to form a _____:____ cone of protection for the service conductors and the guard wire must extend from the secondary of the service transformer for the facility to the facility service entrance fitting.
1:1 (Page 74 in PDF)
At each end the guard wire must extend to, and be bonded to, an effective ______ ________ or to the ________ _________ __________ of the facility.
Earth Ground; Earth Electrode Subsystem (Page 74 in PDF)
When the distance between terminating facilities exceeds ________ feet, the guard wire shall be bonded to a ground rod.
250 feet (Page 74 in PDF)
Since the ground wire and the earth electrode subsystem are comprised of different metals what is recommended?
Exothermic Welding (Page 74 in PDF)
Protect against direct lightning strikes to buried cable by installing what above the cables or cable duct?
Guard Wire (Page 75 in PDF)
A _______ AWG bare copper cable laid directly over the protected cables is recommended.
1/0 AWG (Page 75 in PDF)
At least _______ cm (________ inches) should be maintained between the protected cables and the guard wire.
4 cm (10 inches) (Page 75 in PDF)
In order to prevent introducing excessive inductance and resistance in the transient path to the surge arrester, No. _______ AWG (minimum) insulated stranded copper wire of the minimum feasible length must be used to make the interconnection(s) unless otherwise recommended and guaranteed by the manufacturer.
4 AWG (Page 78 in PDF)
What are the three different types of Transient Suppressors?
Zinc oxide nonlinear resistor (ZNR) or metal oxide varistor (MOV)
Silicon avalanche diode suppressor (SAS)
Gas-filled spark gap (Page 95 in PDF)
True of False; Effective transient protection can be provided by peripherally bonding each RF coaxial cable to a metal bulkhead connector which in turn is peripherally bonded to the building entry plate and grounded to the earth electrode subsystem.
True (Page 96 in PDF)
True or False; All unused wires/pairs of communication cable runs should be connected to ground at one end. This action will reduce transients on the unused lines which otherwise could be coupled to in service lines of the cable.
False; the cables should be grounded at each (Page 96 in PDF)
In steel frame buildings, make all structural members of the building electrically continuous by bonding each joint and interconnection with a welded, brazed, soldered, or high-compression bolted connection. Where direct bonds of these types are not possible, bridge the joint with a _________ AWG stranded copper cable both ends of which are brazed, welded, or bolted in place. This does not include rebars.
1/0 AWG (Page 136 in PDF)
Connect the bonded structural steel network to the electrode subsystem with 1/0 AWG copper cables. The distance between adjacent connections from the building structure to the earth electrode subsystem should not exceed ________ meters (__________ feet).
15 meters, 50 feet (Page 136 in PDF)
Equipment cabinets, electrical supporting structures, and utility pipes are to be connected to this structural steel or copper cable grid (equipotential plane) with _________ AWG copper wire.
#6 AWG (Page 136 in PDF)
What are the 3 types of equipotential planes?
Copper grid embedded in concrete floor
Subfloor of aluminum, copper phosphor bronze screen laid underneath the floor tile or carpet
A ceiling grid above equipment (Page 138 in PDF)
What is the max size of equipotential plane grid openings?
Grid openings should not be larger than 1/20 wavelength at the highest frequency of concern up to 4 inches (Page 138 in PDF)
What is the preferred method for establishing an equipotential plane?
Metal floors with concrete poured over (Page 138 in PDF)
What is the only raised floor acceptable as an equipotential ground plane?
The bolted-grid (stringer) or rigid grid system (Page 140 in PDF)
Composite bonds between cabinet chassis and the raised floor shall not exceed a specified resistance value, usually what milliohm?
1 milliohm (Page 143 in PDF)
What are the two general ways of protecting against lightning damage?
Air terminals and surge protection devices (Page 197 in PDF)
To protect a shelter from damage caused by a lightning stroke, an ______ _________ of adequate mechanical strength, length, and electrical conductivity to withstand the stroke must be provided to intercept the discharge before it penetrates the structure.
Air Terminal (Page 197 in PDF)
A low-impedance path (cable) must be established between the air terminal and _________ _________ subsystem.
Earth Electrode Subsystem (Page 197 in PDF)
The resistance of the earth electrode subsystem should be less than ________ ohms.
10 ohms (Page 197 in PDF)
What are fast-response protection devices installed on exposed circuits such as power lines, signal, and control cables?
Terminal Protection Devices (TPDs) (Page 200 in PDF)
Examples of commonly used what are carbon blocks, gas-filed spark gaps, zener diodes, and EMI power and signal line filters?
Terminal Protection Devices (Page 200 in PDF)
What are used to protect a system against lightning may serve to protect it against certain types of EMP given the response time of the arrester is properly designed?
Surge Arresters (Page 200 in PDF)
Perimeter or security fences designed as part of a facility’s ground system shall be constructed of what type of steel chain-linked fencing?
Galvanized (Page 209 in PDF)
Both the fence post and the fence reinforcing wire shall be grounded periodically to what?
Ground Rods (Page 209 in PDF)
A suitable interval for the ground rods is ________ feet for small sites and ____________ feet for large sites?
100 feet, 500 feet (Page 209 in PDF)
What should be grounded on each side of every gate and, where crossed by high tension lines, at points 150 feet on each side of high tension crossings?
Fences (Page 209 in PDF)
If a fence consists of wooden post and horizontal metal strands only, what should be run the full height of the fence post and securely fastened to each wire so as to be electrically continuous?
Down Conductors (Page 209 in PDF)
Installation of fence grounds shall be accomplished by threading a bare conductor, ________ AWG or larger, through individual links of the fence.
#6 AWG (Page 209 in PDF)
Installation of fence grounds shall bond reinforcing wires at each post by what methods?
Exothermic welds or by brazing (Page 209 in PDF)
Installation of fence grounds shall bond ground straps to fence posts by what methods?
Exothermic welds or by brazing (Page 209 in PDF)
Installation of fence grounds shall bond to grounds rods by what methods?
Exothermic welds or clamped and brazed (Page 209 in PDF)
All such down conductors must be guarded with metallic or nonmetallic (preferably) guards to a height of at least __________ meters (________ feet) from grade to floor level.
7 meters (9 feet) (Page 232 in PDF)
Metal guards to include EMT and conduit must be bonded to the __________ ___________ at the top and bottom.
Down Conductor (Page 232 in PDF)
The ground terminals can be in a connector, a screw or pin on a terminal strip, an insulated wire or an insulated stud, a jack, or a feedthrough. If an insulated wire is used, it should be at least No. 16 AWG copper or lager to provide adequate mechanical strength; for the insulated wire its length should not exceed _________ meters (__________ feet).
5 meters (5 feet) (Page 286 in PDF)
For naval applications, what is considered high voltage?
Greater than or equal to 1000 volts (Page 42 in PDF)
At what ampere is shock felt?
1 mA (Page 42 in PDF)
At what ampere that person may be unable to let-go?
10 mA (Page 42 in PDF)
At what ampere the shock may be fatal if it lasts more than 1 second?
100 mA (Page 42 in PDF)
In the event of what, the victim may become very pale or “bluish”; the victim’s pulse and breathing may be extremely weak or entirely absent; they may be unconscious; and; burns may be present?
Electric shock (Page 43 in PDF)
What should the first thing be done if you see someone is getting electric shocked?
Shut the power off (Page 43 in PDF)
If you cannot get to the power source and turn it off what should be done?
Use a dry board, belt, or dry clothing or other available non-conductive material to free victim for the energized equipment (Page 43 in PDF)
What is defined as a situation where electrical current passes through air gaps between ungrounded conductors or between conductors and grounded components?
Arc Flash (Page 43 in PDF)
The resistance to ground should be less than _______ ohm as specified in MIL-STD-1310?
.1 ohm (Page 46 in PDF)
Use what type of grounded test equipment wherever possible to prevent inadvertent introduction of ground path that allows current to flow through the circuit and results in a possible shock hazard?
Ungrounded (Page 51 in PDF)
Do not join extension cords longer than __________ feet together and never join more than 2?
25 feet (Page 52 in PDF)
True or False; Single-length extension cords up to 100 feet long are permissible?
True (Page 52 in PDF)
What must a safety observe be qualified in before being one?
First aid for electrical shock (Page 58 in PDF)
True or False; Workers inside the electrical safety boundary are permitted to wear watches, rings, chains, metal articles, or loose clothing. And also clothing and shoes could be wet.
False (Page 58 in PDF)
For work greater __________ volts, a non-conducting safety line or equivalent shall be attached to a safety harness or tied around the upper body in case the person performing the maintenance must be pulled from the work area.
300 volts (Page 59 in PDF)
When working on energized circuits greater than 300 volts, what extra safety step shall occur?
A safety line shall be attached to the upper body of the person conducting work. A cane may replace line (Page 59 in PDF)
Personnel are required to conduct what type of checks prior to beginning maintenance on electrical equipment and systems to verify it is de-energized?
IVV (Initial Voltage Verification) (Page 62 in PDF)
If capacitive voltage is detected after the circuit is de-energized, and before touching a capacitor that is connected to a de-energized circuit, discharge the equipment to ground momentarily connecting the terminal to ground using a ______________ or the built-in grounding bar if provided.
Shorting Probe (Page 63 in PDF)
How many shorting evolutions spaced approximately 10 seconds apart should eliminate nearly all the original energy that is stored in the capacitor?
3 (Page 63 in PDF)
How is capacitive storage verified?
Steadily decreasing voltage indication for a minimum of 5 seconds (Page 64 in PDF)
Once capacitive storage is verified as indicated by a minimum of five seconds with steadily decrease the voltage indication, a _______________ should be used to dissipate the stored energy.
Shorting Probe (Page 64 in PDF)
How long do you short a capacitive source with a shorting probe?
30 seconds (Page 65 in PDF)
How would you know if a tool or device is double-insulated?
It will be clearly stamped on the enclosure of the tool/device (Page 89 in PDF)
How often portable tools are tested onboard ships?
Tested quarterly and visually inspected prior to each use (Page 96 in PDF)
What is the primary concern in an electrical accident?
Ensuring scene safety so that additional injuries do not occur (Page 101 in PDF)
True or False; All electrical/electronics’ associated ratings hall conduct annual training in CPR.
True (Page 101 in PDF)
True or False; All Electrical/Electronics’ associated ratings shall conduct semi-annual training in CPR.
False (Annual) (Page 101 in PDF)
Shock mounts should be inspected at intervals of no longer than __________ months and mounts showing evidence of deterioration should be replaced?
6 months (Page 163 in PDF)
What is the max voltage a system cable can be spliced?
450 volts (Page 200 in PDF)
What is the max number of splices in a cable unless specified by drawings?
No more than 2 splices (Page 201 in PDF)
What does the letter “R” represent on a cable tag?