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Cardiac muscle tissue
- -in heart
- -involuntary control
- -striated, tubular and branched
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Skeletal tissue
- -attached to tendons
- -voluntary
- -many nuclei to use protein
- -striated and tubular
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smooth muscle tissue
- -found in stomach, esophagus, uteras, blood vessels
- -involuntary
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hierarchy of muscle structure
- 1. Muscle
- 2. Muscle fiber bundle
- 3. Muscle fiber
- 4. myofibrils
- 5. myofilaments
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What is actin?
- -makes up myofilaments
- -Thin
- -surrounds myosin
- -anchored at Z lines
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What is sacrolemma
- -Muscle fiber membrane
- -covers muscle fiber
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What is myosin?
- -Thick
- -inside actin
- -has protein heads
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Sliding filament model
muscles shorten/contract by actin sliding over myosin
-myosin protein heads attach using Ca 2+ and pull on the actin filament. Myosin then releases from actin powered by ATP.
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Complex of smooth Endoplasmic reticulum that responsible for storage of calcium ions. Ca 2+
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Rigor Mortis
- Muscles are contracted but can't detach because no ATP.
- Up until 60 hrs after death.
Mortis is the crReaturE of ThE nIghT hEhEeehha
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What causes muscle fatigue?
Lack of ATP, calcium, oxygen or buildup of lactic acid
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What is lactic acid?
ATP formed without oxygen (anerobic)
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Since our muscles can't store ATP, what happens?
-glucose is oxitdated to form ATP
-Creatine phosphate supplies Phosphate to turn ADP into ATP
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Phases of muscle contraction
Latent period- short pause between nerve impulse and muscle contraction
Contraction period- actin and myosin fibers slide over one another.
Relaxation period - actin and myosin detach
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What is summation
>1 nerve stimulation on muscle before relaxation is complete.
total amount of nerve stimulations in contraction
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What is Tetanus
Condition causing constant muscle contraction.
-dirt , nails
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