Biostatistics Lecture Notes 1 (A5)

A collection of all units from which a data is to be collected.

An element of the population.

A subset or representative part of the population.

A characteristic that describes a sample.

A listing of all elements in a sample.

When information is gathered for all the units in the population.

Only a part of the population is used to collect data.

True or false

Sample data reveals something about the unit.
True False

True or false

Sample data may not always be true as it depends on the way a sample is drawn.
True False

True or False

If the sample is a replica of the population then, the statistic is true.
True False

True or False

If the sample is biased then, the statistics cannot be true.
True False

It is the basic element  of statistic analysis.

What are the 2 types of data?

A type of data which is usually expressed in category or kind, it does not have any numeric measures.

A type of data that can be measurable and are expressed in numbers.

1.The population of City X is growing rapidly.

Qualitative or Quantitative

2.The average temperature in June was 25°C.
Qualitative or Quantitative

3.Most people prefer the taste of Brand A over Brand B.
Qualitative or Quantitative

4.There are 50 students enrolled in the advanced mathematics class.

Qualitative or Quantitative

5.The unemployment rate decreased by 2% this quarter.

Qualitative or Quantitative

Are the characteristics or properties measured from objects, persons or things.

What are the 2 types of variables?

A type of variable that assume a value which is a whole number.

A type of variable that assume a value which is measured using units of measurement (decimal numbers).

1. Cars passing through a toll booth in one hour.Discrete or Continuous

2.Measure the weight of different fruits in a grocery store. Discrete or Continuous

3.Record the number of students absent from school on a particular day.Discrete or Continuous

4.Measure the length of a piece of string.
Discrete or Continuous

5.Measure the temperature of a room using a thermometer.
Discrete or Continuous?

______ is the process of assigning a number or a numerical value to a characteristic of the object that is being measured.

What are the properties of numbers?

What property of number enables a person to distinguish one number from the other. They are identified by their shapes or the way they were written.

What property of number define the way numbers are arranged?

Order allows to state that one number is ___ or ___.

Property of number that allows us to add numbers.

What are the 4 measurements of numbers?

It is the lowest form of measurement.

Nominal measurement possesses the properties of: select all that applies.

🔳Order
🔳Addivity
🔳Identity
🔳Equal to zero

A type of measurement that pertains to ranks.

Ordinal measurement possesses the properties of: select all that applies.

🔳Order
🔳Addivity
🔳Identity
🔳Equal to zero

It is the highest form of measurement.

Interval measurement possesses the properties of: select all that applies.

🔳Order
🔳Addivity
🔳Identity
🔳Equal to zero

Ratio measurement possesses the properties of: select all that applies.

🔳Order
🔳Addivity
🔳Identity
🔳Equal to zero

Statistics has 2 major areas:

Can mean that the data itself or some numerical computations derived from a set of data.

An area of statistics that summarizes to make sense of meaning of the list of numerical values. They deal largely with summary of calculations, graphical and tabular displays, and describing important features of a set of data. 

It does not attempt to draw conclusions about anything that pertains to more than the data than themselves.

An area of statistics which is concerned in making generalizations for a bigger group of observations called population-based information gathered from a small group of observations or sample drawn from a given population.