Immunity System

A slower allergic reaction that last for longer

A quick allergic reaction, it will appear and disappear within 30 minutes

An HIV virus that destroys helper t cells so antibody and killer t cannot wake up, this causes the immune system to fail.

When the immune system has an exaggerated response to a harmless material entering the body, this causes areas to become red and swollen, watery eyes and a runny nose.

When the T cells and the antibodies in the body will attack the body's own cells (unknown why)

When a fetus and a mother have an incompatible blood type, the mother's body will create antibodies to destroy the baby, as the immune system sees it as an invader. Having one baby is okay has it takes time to build up, but having another baby with incompatibility will kill the baby, resulting in it being blue

In addition to blood types, blood will can also be positive or negative, (from another antigen). Negative blood can be donated to positive blood, but positive blood cannot be donated to negative blood

When red blood cells clump together making a jello like substance. This happens when incompatible blood types mix

Has no antigen cells and A and B antibody cells. It is the universal donor blood as it has no antigens so it won't upset the immune system

Has both A and B antigen blood cells and has no antibodies. It is the universal acceptor and can take any blood

Has B antigen cells and antibody a cells

Has A antigen cells and antibody b cells

A, B, AB and O, can be negative or positive

Most B and T cells die off as they are not needed, memory B cells always remain as they store data of how to make the specific antibodies. When the same virus is detected again, the specific anybody will be made right away.

Once an antigen has been detected by leukocytes Macrophages are released into the body and destroy any foreign cells they encounter by consuming them (second line), they then send a signal to lymphocytes (b and t cells). B cells will use this information to create a special antibody to attack the infection while helper t cells activate killer t cells.

Cells that are always active in the body and create antibodies to fight invaders. Made in the bone marrow

A type of white blood cell that helps fight infection, has two types helper T and Killer T. Helper T calls other cells to fight infection and Killer T will fight the infection. Made in the bone marrow

A "name tag" all cells have, your body will attack any cell with a foreign antigen and it doesn't matter if its good or bad

The second line is macrophages, they will only come into play if the germs have gotten past the first line. White Blood cells will then attack infection cells and destroy them.

The body's first line of defence is physical means, mainly your skin, mucus, hair and cilla. The low pH of the skin will kill germs on contact.

• 1.Physical (non-specific)
• 2.Macrophages (non-specific)
• 3.Immune Response (Specific)

A special white blood cell that helps eliminate foreign substance from the body. They trap and "eat" foreign cells and will help clean up dead cells within the body. Stored in lymph nodes

The glands inside the lymphatic system, they store lymphocrates while they mature. They also hold macrophages that trap and destroy bacteria inside the body. An infection may cause the immune system to increase the number of macrophages

A enzyme in the blood that turns fibrinogen into fibrin for blood clotting

Platelets are released in damaged area and break apart to make Thrombin, which will turn fibrinogen in the body into fibrin, the workhorse clotting that will cause the blood to clot.

The interstitial fluid inside the lymphatic system, as blood will circulate through the body, some of the plasma escapes from the capillaries and becomes part of the interstitial fluid where it will eventually rejoin the circulatory system

An immune system that responds the same way (kill) to all foreign substances entering the body, both good and bad

A system of vessels that are closely associated with the capillaries and veins. They maintain the balance of fluids in the body and help protect the body against infection. They spread throughout the entire body and link up with the heart

fragment cells in the bone that are released when the bone marrow breaks apart, they play a key role in blood clotting

Blood cells that help fight off infection in the body

When there is a lack of red blood cells inside the body

Used to transport oxygen throughout the blood. Made up of 20 million iron molecules with hemoglobin. Live for about 120 days and made in the bone marrow

The fluid part of the blood that holds white and red blood cells, and platelets.

Blood consists of two parts, the fluid portion (plasma) and the solid portion (formed portion)