Which of the following commands will most likely increase the chance of a process receiving more time slices?
B. renice -12
[Nice values between -1 and -20 will increase the priority of a process on the system.]
What command is used to view and modify user jobs scheduled to run with cron?
D. crontab
[Users can use the crontab command to create and manage their own cron jobs.]
What kill level signal cannot be trapped?
A. 9
[A kill level 9 (SIGKILL) cannot be trapped by a process.]
What is the name given to a process not associated with a terminal?
C. daemon process
[Daemon processes are not associated with a terminal and display a ? in the TTY column of ps and top command output.]
When you run the ps command, how are daemon processes recognized?
A. There is a question mark in the TTY column.
[Daemon processes list a ? in the TTY column as they are not associated with a terminal.]
Which command entered without arguments is used to display a list of processes running in the current shell?
C. ps
[The ps command lists processes in the current shell by default.]
To kill a process running in the background, you must place a % character before its process ID.
False
[The % character identifies the background job ID. Thus, to kill background job 4, you could run the kill %4 command.]
Nice values are used to affect process priorities using a range between _____.
A. –20 and 19
[Nice values range from –20 (high priority) to 19 (low priority).]
Which process has a PID of 1 and a PPID of 0?
A. init/systemd
[The SysV init and Systemd daemons always have a PID of 0.]
A runaway process that is faulty and consuming mass amounts of system resources _____.
A. is a rogue process
[Rogue processes are faulty processes that consume large amounts of system resources.]
Where are individual user tasks scheduled to run with the cron daemon stored on a Fedora system?
B. /etc/crontab
[Fedora systems are scheduled to run commands that might perform system maintenance, back up data, and run CPU-intensive programs, which are often scheduled by the cron daemon from entries in the system con table /etc/crontab.]
Which command is used to gain real-time information about processes running on the system, with the most processor-intensive processes appearing at the beginning of the list?
D. top
[The top command lists process statistics and the top processes on the system by CPU and memory usage.]
Which of the following statements is true? (Choose all that apply.)
a. If /etc/at.allow exists, only users listed in it can use the at command.
b. If /etc/cron.allow exists, only users listed in it can use the cron command.
c. If /etc/cron.deny exists and /etc/cron.allow does not exist, any user not listed in /etc/cron.deny can use the cron command.
d. If /etc/cron.allow and /etc/cron.deny exist, only users listed in the former can use the cron command, and any users listed in the latter are denied access to the cron command.
e. If a user is listed in both /etc/cron.allow and /etc/cron.deny, then /etc/cron.deny takes precedence and the user cannot access the crontab command.
a. If /etc/at.allow exists, only users listed in it can use the at command.
b. If /etc/cron.allow exists, only users listed in it can use the cron command.
c. If /etc/cron.deny exists and /etc/cron.allow does not exist, any user not listed in /etc/cron.deny can use the cron command.
[The at.allow and cron.allow files list allowed at and cron users, respectively, and will take precedence over at.deny and cron.deny files. In the absence of at.allow and cron.allow files, only users not listed within at.deny and cron.deny can schedule jobs. If both cron.allow and cron.deny files exist, only cron.allow will be processed.]
As daemon processes are not associated with terminals, you must use an option such as –e alongside the ps command to view them.
True
[To view daemon processes, you must display all processes on the system. The -e option to the ps command can be used for this purpose.]
The pkill command terminates _____.
C. all instances of a process with the same name matched by a regular expression
[The pkill command can be used to kill processes that match a regular expression.]
How can you bypass the wait function and send a user process to the background?
B. You can use the Ctrl+z key combination and the bg command.
[You can pause a running process using the Ctrl+z key combination, and then use the paused job ID as an argument to the bg command to start it in the background.]
Which command can be used to see processes running in the background?
C. jobs
[The jobs command displays background jobs running on a Linux system.]
The at command is used to _____.
C. schedule processes to run at a single instance in the future
[The at command schedules one or more processes for a specific time.]
A process spawning or initiating another process is referred to as _____.
A. forking
[Forking is the spawning of another child process.]
Every process has a process ID and a _____.
C. parent process ID
[Every process must be started by another process that is identified by a parent process ID (PPID).]
