Chapter 11: Enzymes

What is denaturation?

Involves a change in the shape of an enzyme so that it does not act on its substrate. (Loss of biological function)
At what temperature do human enzymes begin to denature?

Around 40*C
What happens if the human body heats to 42*C during an infection ?

The body cells produce he’s shock proteins which protect the folded shape of important enzymes.
What is bioprocessing ?

The use of living cells or their components, such as enzymes, to make useful products. (Carried out in bioreactors)
What are some examples of bioprocessing ?
- Production of- beer using yeast.
- Insulin using genetically modified Ecoli bacteria.
- Cheese using the enzyme rennin.
- Antibiotics from fungi using pencillum notatum.
What are immobilised enzymes?

Enzymes that are attached to or trapped in an inert insoluble material.
What 3 ways are enzymes immobilised?
- Cross linking method
- Entrapment method
- Carrier binding method (physical adsorption, ionic binding, covalent binding)
What are 3 types of the carrier-binding method?
- Physical adsorption
- Ionic binding
- Covalent binding
What are 3 uses of immobilised enzymes?
- Immobilised lactase breaks down lactose in milk for lactose-intolerants
- Immobilised rennin is used in cheese-making
- Immobilised glucose isomerase is used in sweet manufacture as fructose is sweeter than glucose.

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Chapter 11: Enzymes

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2023-05-21T10:57:06Z