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How is DNA profiling carried out?
- DNA isolation: take a sample of cell-contains material (eg cheek cell or semen)
- Cutting: extract the DNA from the cells and using restriction enzymes cut the DNA at specific lengths, thus produces DNA fragments.
- The DNA fragments are placed at one end of a gel.
- Separation: an electric charge (Gel Electrophoresis) is passed through the gel and the fragments move, separating them on the basis of their length.
- Pattern analysis: the result is a series of bonds, which is then cured under ultraviolet light and an individual’s DNA pattern is seen.
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What id the first step of DNA profiling?
DNA isolation: take a sample of cell-containing material (eg check cell or semen)
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What could be a sample of cell-containing material ?
Cheek cell or semen
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What is done with the sample of cell-containing material after it’s collected?
Cutting: extract the DNA from the cells and using restriction enzymes cut the DNA at specific lengths thus produces DNA fragments
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How are the DNA fragments produced?
Extract DNA form the cells and using restriction enzymes cut the DNA at specific lengths
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Where are the DNA fragments placed?
Placed at one end of a gel
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What happens once the DNA is placed on one end of a gel?
Separation: an electric charge (Gel Electrophoresis) is passed through the gel and the fragments move, separating them on the basis of their length.
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What is the electric charge passed through the gel called?
Gel Electrophoresis
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What are the fragments separated on the basis of?
On the basis of their length.
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What is the final step of DNA profiling?
Pattern analysis: the result is s series of bonds which is then viewed under ultraviolet light and an individual’s DNA pattern is seen.
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What is the result of DNA profiling viewed under?
Ultraviolet light, shoeing a persons DNA pattern.
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What are 4 uses of DNA profiling ?
- To identify criminals from blood, semen or other tissue left at the crime scene.
- To identify fathers in paternity cases.
- To identify species , especially plants.
- To look for genetic matches in organ transplants.
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What is genetic screening?
Testing a persons DNA to show the presence or absence of certain genes.
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What can be used in genetic screening to see if a person is carrying a genetic disorder?
DNA profiling
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In genetic screening, what is being looked for?
A single gene is looked for to see if a person is carrying that gene that could be passed onto their offspring (eg gene for cystic fibrosis)
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