Principles of ethical decision making

• - moral indifference
• - moral uncertainty
• - moral distress
• - moral outrage

• - deoteonigcal ( duty based)
• - teleogical ( ulitarian)

• 1. autonmy
• 2. benefiecnce
• 3. nonmaleficence
• 4. paternalism
• 5. utility
• 6. justice
• 7. veracity (truth telling)
• 8. fidelity (keeping promises)
• 9. confidentiality

• - nursing process
• traditional problem solving process
• moral decision making model
• eliminate trial and error

• M- massage the dilemma
• O- outline options
• R- REVIEW criteria
• A- Affirm position + act
• L- Look back

A legal issue are usually clear and philosophically impartial 

ethical issues- less clear and more individualised

The systemic study of a person's conduct and actions

• - collaborates to protect human rights and promote social justice
• - role models ethical decision making in line with code of conduct
• - accepts negative outcomes in edm

• - uses systemic approach to problem solving and decision making 
• - aware of legal precedents

someone witnesses' the immoral act but feels powerless to stop it

Occurs when the individual is unsure of which moral principle to apply

occurs when the individual knows the right thing to do but organisational constraints make it difficult to take the right course of action

Occurs when the individual questions why morality in practice even exists

Guide individuals in solving ethical dilemma's - assist in decision making

A nurse in forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives

Ethical decision making that is based on what provides the greatest good for the largest number of people 

• ultiltarian 
• consequentialist

• uses duty based reasoning 
• - one has a duty to do something or refrain from something

• utilitarian (t)
• Rights based (d)
• duty based (d)
• Intuitionist (d)

• 1. separate legal and ethical issue
• 2. collaborate through ethics committees
• 3. use institutional review boards appropriately
• 4. role model and encourage ethical behaviour