Semantics

The study of word meaning and sentemce meaning, abstracted away from contexts of use

The meaning of it is its literal meaning

Happens when a two or more meaning is used in a way which causes more than one possible interpretation

Words that are linked with a shared meaning make up a field, which can still be divided into subfields or subsets

A literal or direct dictionary meaning of a word in contrast to its connotative or associate meanings

Ex. Dog- denoting a carnivorous quadruped of the genus canis

Are the feelings or emotions associated with a word. It goes beyond the actual meaning of the word

Ex. Dog- loyalty, faithfulness, bravery

Speakers meaning and hearers interpretation

Both speakers and listeners contribute to a conversation by using purposeful speech as well as listening with purpose as a participant

Conversational maxims

Makes your contribution as informative as is required

Do not say what you believe is false. Do not say that which you lack adequate evidence

Do not begin to talk about whatever you like.
Connect what you want to say with what is already being talked about

Avoid obscurity with information. Avoid ambuguity. Be brief. Be orderly

Focuses on communicative acts performed through speech

When a sound and word are made in a statement and once uttered has a basic and surface meaning

The intended and underlying meaning of one's statement or the conventional force that one intends to convey

The effects of the statement on the hearer

The study of signs and their meanings in society. It is concerned with everything that can be taken as a sign

Anything that conveys meaning

Things that give meaning

The mind mental concept

Who defines a sign as being composed of a signifier and a signified. He emphasize that a linguistic is not a link between a thing and a name but between a concept and a sound pattern