Which bone cells produce osteocalcin when stimulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and
synthesize osteoid?
D.
What happens to the original bone during the second phase of bone remodeling?
C.
Which cells function to maintain bone matrix?
A.
Which bone cells are large and multinucleated and contain lysosomes filled with
hydrolytic enzymes?
D.
Which bone cell secretes hydrochloric acid to help dissolve bone minerals and
collagenase, thus aiding in the digestion of collagen?
B.
Which glucoprotein is believed to inhibit calcium phosphate precipitation and play a part
in bone resorption by recruiting osteoclasts?
A.
Which glucoprotein is thought to transport essential elements such as hormones, ions, and
other metabolites to and from the bone cells?
A.
How is the work function of a muscle usually calculated?
C.
What is the basic structural unit in compact bone?
a. Small channels called canaliculi
b. Osteocytes within the lacunae
c. Tiny spaces within the lacunae
d. Haversian system
D
Which part of an injured joint becomes insensitive to pain and regenerates slowly and
minimally?
D.
The outer layer of the periosteum contains blood vessels and nerves that penetrate the
inner structures of the bone by way of which structure?
B.
All bones are covered with a double-layered connective tissue called the periosteum. The
outer layer of the periosteum contains blood vessels and nerves, some of which penetrate
to the inner structures of the bone only through channels called Volkmann canals (see
Figure 43-4).
What is the function of Sharpey fibers?
D.
After puberty, the epiphyseal plate calcifies, and the epiphysis merges with the
__________.
B.
After puberty, the epiphyseal plate calcifies and the epiphysis merges only with the metaphysis.
The stage of healing in the bone that involves procallus formation entails which process?
A.
Which term describes a freely movable joint?
D.
Based on movement, a joint is classified as a synarthrosis (immovable joint), an
amphiarthrosis (slightly movable joint), or a diarthrosis (freely movable joint).
Which type of joint holds teeth in the maxilla or mandible?
B.
The hyaline cartilage joints between the ribs and sternum are examples of which type of
joint?
B.
A synchondrosis is the only type of joint in which hyaline cartilage, rather than fibrocartilage, connects the two bones.
The joint that contains a synovial membrane that lines the inner joint capsule is an
example of which type of joint?
A.
What is the function of the synovial membrane’s type A cells within the intima?
D.
What is the function of the synovial membrane’s type B cells within the intima?
B.
Which statement does not present accurate information concerning synovial fluid?
C.
What anchors articular cartilage to the underlying bone?
A.
What controls the movement of synovial fluid through cartilage?
A.
Which statement is false about muscles?
a. Muscle comprises 50% of an adult’s body weight and 40% of a child’s body
weight.
b. Muscle is 75% water, 20% protein, and 5% organic and inorganic compounds.
c. Muscle contains 32% of all protein stores for energy and metabolism.
d. Muscles are encased in fascia.
A
Muscle constitutes 40% of an adult’s body weight and 50% of a child’s body weight.
Which characteristic is true of type II (white fast-motor) muscle fibers?
A.
Which characteristic is true of type I (red) muscle fibers?
D.
As the innervation ratio of a particular organ increases, what other property also increases?
D.
Which statement describes a neuroregulin?
A.
Which four-step process correctly describes muscle contraction?
C.
Which type of ion directly controls the contraction of muscles?
B.
Which term is used to identify a functional muscle contraction in which the muscle
contracts but the limb does not move?
B.
Which component is found in synovial fluid?
B.
What term is used to identify an interlacing bundle of dense, white fibrous tissue that is
richly supplied with nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels?
D.
In adults, hematopoiesis takes place in the following bone marrow cavities except for which one?
D.
Which statements is false regarding osteocytes?
E.
Which mineral is not stored in bones?
C.
Which factors influence the rate of protein synthesis of skeletal muscles? (Select all that
apply.)
a. Insulin
b. Cortisol
c. Parathyroid hormone
d. Growth hormone
e. Amino acid substrates
a, e
Fibroblasts, capillary buds, and osteoblasts move into the wound to produce granulation
tissue.
B.
Periosteal and endosteal surfaces of the bone are formed to the size and shape of the bone
before an injury.
E.
Osteoblasts form membranous or woven bone. Enzymes increase the phosphate content and permit the phosphate to join with calcium to be deposited.
C.
Fibrin and platelets form a meshwork within the initial framework for healing
C.
Osteoblasts continue to restore callus with lamellar bone or trabecular bone.
C.
Which gene plays a significant role in forming bone, developing bone mass, remodeling bone, and healing fractures?
A.
Which glycoprotein is a calcium-binding protein that plays a part in bone resorption by recruiting osteoclasts.
A.
Which glycoprotein is a bone-specific protein that binds selectively to both hydroxyapatite and collagen in the bone matrix?
D.
Which glycoprotein stabilizes basement membranes in bones and is important in axon growth?
C.
In the bone remodeling process, fibroblasts, capillary buds, and osteoblasts move into the wound to produce granulation tissue called?
D.
Author
BodeS
ID
362943
Card Set
CH 44 Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
Description
Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System