Is about improving health of the people and achieving health equity forall.
global health
Transcend national borders and usually have global impact on politics and economics.
global issues
Because of its wide array and need for global cooperation
(planning, prevention, preparedness, and care), global health reflects _______ among countries.
health equity issues among countries
What is the fundamental aspect of a quality life? Why?
Health.
Because not only does being healthy (free from injury) affect our capacity to enjoy life but also it directly affects our capacity to produce and consume valuable goods and services.
From a macro perspective is a resource to be used (to have a better life) rather than the goal to be a self.
it is the assumption that everyone benefits from the same support.
equality
It is when everyone gets the support they need.
equity
It is when systemic barriers have been removed and everyone is given support because of cause of inequity was addressed.
Justice
What is the reality that we have right now with regards to resource distribution.
In reality, one gets more than what is needed while others get less. Thus there has been a huge disparity.
There has been a decline in the rate of ____________ and an increased in the rate of __________.
There has been a decline in the rate of (CMNN) communicable maternal neonatal and nutritional disease and an increase in noncommunicable diseases.
Because of the increasing rate of noncommunicable diseases there has been a challenge to __________.
improve workforce capacity and to higher cost of effective treatment of chronic conditions and new challenges brought by conflict and terrorism and climate change related issues.
Common communicable diseases had been reduced the past few years, examples of them include the following: (4)
HIV/AIDS
malaria
tuberculosis
diarrheal diseases
The decline in rates probably reflect the successful expansion of _______ and ______ programs.
antiretroviral therapy (vaccination)
prevention of mother-to -child transmission programs
In contrast to the decrease in number of communicable diseases, noncommunicable disease on the other hand are continuously increasing.
Largest number of deaths were caused by the following: (rank the noncommunicable diseases from deadliest to least)
1.cardiovascular diseases
2.neoplasm
3.chronic respiratory diseases.
While there is a paradigm shift with both communicable and noncommunicable diseases. The number of death rates caused by injuries remains ________.
unchanged (the same)
accounted the most injury deaths in 2016, composed mainly of deaths due to falls, drowning and exposure to mechanical forces
unintentional injuries
unintentional injuries where followed by _____ and ____ as well as ______
transport injuries
self-harm
interpersonal violence (firearms)
had the largest decrease of deaths from 2006-2016
exposure to forces of nature and drowning
the largest increase in the number of deaths on the other hand is due to ______ and ____
conflict and terrorism
Global health issues are highly influenced by (3)
poverty (main cause)
enequality
social determinants
Social determinants of health are mostly responsible for
health inequalities
What are social determinants?
are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age
Social determinants of health are shaped by (3)
distribution of
money
power
resources (global, national and local levels)
The role of nurses in eradicating global health issues are (2)
1.Engage in interprofessional collaborations to improve health and to enhance human rights and international relations effort.
2. take on leadership roles to examine health in the context of the global order of political and economic power.
It lays foundation for supporting global health and international development work from 2015-2030.
Sustainable Development Goals
what is the aim of sdg?
to ensure that all human beings can fulfill their potential in dignity and equality and in a healthy environment
How many and what are the sustainable developemet goals?
17 SDG
1.no poverty
2.zero hunger
3.good health and wellbeing
4.quality education
5.gender equality
6.clean water and sanitation
7.affordable and clean energy
8.decent work and economic growth
9.industry innovation and infrastructure
10.reduce inequality
11.sustainable cities and community
12.responsible consumption and production
13. climate action
14. life below water
15.life on land
16.peace, justice and strong institution
17.partnership for the goals
sdg particular to health
sdg 3 good health and wellbeing
what sdgs are health related among the 17 sdg except for sdg 3
sdg 1: no poverty
sdg 2: zero hunger
sdg 5:gender equality
sdg 6:safe water and sanitation
sdg 8: safe and secure working environment
sdg 11: sustainable cities and communities
sdg 13: climate action
Achieving health in the sdg also means _____.
addressing barriers
Also known as the target 3.8. It means that all individuals and communities receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship.
universal healthcare coverage
The leading cause of death globally is which of the following?
C. NCDs
UHC is monitored using two indicators:
health service coverage — proportion of population that can access health services
financial protection — proportion of population that spends a large amount of household income on health
Which of the following roles can the nurse assume to promote global health?
D. All of the above
What are the 16 health services in 4 categories that WHO use as indicators of the level and equity of UHC coverage?
1. Reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health-
family planning, antenatal and delivery care, full child immunization, and health seeking behavior for pneumonia
2.Infectious disease- covering services for
tb,HIV antiretroviral treatment, hepatitis treatment, use of insecticide-treated bed nets for malaria prevention and adequate sanitation
3.Noncommunicable diseases- services from prevention and treatment for raised bp and blood glucose, cervical cancer screening and tobacco smoking.
4. service capacity access to basic hospital, health worker services, essential medicines and heath security
Universal health coverage means that all individuals and communities receive health services they need without suffering financial hardship,Services includes
1.Health promotion
2.Disease prevention
3.Rehabilitation
4.Curative and Palliative Care
D. 1,2,3 and 4
Intermediary objectives of national health policies, plans and strategies on strengthening healthcare system are :(6)
quality
equity
efficiency
accountability
resilience
sustainability
Six building blocks that contribute to the streghtnening of healthcare system.
good governance
well functioning health information system
a robust financing structure
sound system of procurement and
supply of medicine and health technology
accessible and capable health workers
An approach to health and well-being centered on needs and circumstances of individuals,families and communities and addresses comprehensive and interrelated physical, mental and social health and well-being.
primary health care
PHC looks at the person's health in a _____ manner not just ______.
holistic
addressing disease and illness conditions
What is the commonly used measure to describe population’s health?
Life expectancy
Reductions in child mortality and maternal mortality
Child Mortality
Five most lethal infectious diseases over time
Maternal mortality rate
Public health system
represents the average number of years a person or a group of people can expect to live, based on current mortality rates and other demographic factors.
life expectancy
With regard to child mortality. Low income countries have ______ number of child mortality than high income countries.