Human Diseases Chapter 2

Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome

The environmental substance that causes a reaction

The state when the immune response is too intense or hypersensitive to an environmental substance

No oxygen

Immunoglobulins that develop in response to an antigen; also called immune bodies; proteins that the body produces to react to and render the antigen harmless

A cell marker that induces a state of sensitivity after coming in contact with an antibody, any substance thT causes the body some type of harm,thus setting off this special reaction

A decrease in cell size, which leads to a decrease in the size of the tissue and organ

The state when the immune response attacks itself

The branch of medicine that deals with obesity

Having limited growth, noncancerous

Body Mass Index, a measurement obtained by dividing the individual's weight in pounds by his or her height in inches. The BMI scale uses these figures to determine levels of obesity

A term used to describe any individual who has an ill, thin, wasted appearance

A malignant tumor

Present at birth; usually an anomaly or abnormally present at birth

Disease related to aging, or destruction of tissue, functions, and use

An alteration in size, shape, and organization of cells

Enclosed in a capsule

Relating to the small intestines

A condition occurring when saprophytic bacteria become involved in necrotic tissue

Loving dead tissue

An increase in cell number, overgrowth in response to some type of stimulus

An increase in the size of the cell, leading to an increase in tissue and organ size

Not enough oxygen in tissue

The state when the immune response is unable to defend the body due to a decrease or absence of leukocytes, primarily lymphocytes

Necrosis of cells or tissues due to ischemia

Invasion of microorganisms into the tissue, causing cell or tissue injury, thus leading to the inflammatory response

A basic pathological process of cytologic and chemical reactions that occur in the blood vessels and tissues in response to an injury or irritation; a protective immune response that is triggered by any type of injury or irritant

Hypoxia of cells or tissues caused by decreased blood flow

Deadly or progressing to death, cancerous

A cellular adaptation in which the cells change to another type of cells

Move or spread

Moves from a site of origin to a secondary site in the body

The state of being diseased

Motor Vehicle Accidents

Cellular death

The development of a new type of cell with an uncontrolled growth pattern

New growth, an increase in cell numbers, leading to an increase in tissue size, commonly called tumors

The study of tumors

When the body recognizes a transplanted organ as a foreign object and attacks it, leading to the organ's death

A delivery route for fluid or medications that includes subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous administration

Total Parenteral Nutrition, intravenously giving a special solution that meets the total nutritional needs of the individual

A physical or mental injury

The prioritizing of care

Swelling or growth, originally used in the description of the swelling related to inflammation

Hereditary, trauma, inflammation and infection, hyperplasias and neoplasms, nutritional imbalance, impaired immunity

Single gene abnormalities, polygenic, chromosome abnormalities

Several genes

Either a missing chromosome or an extra chromosome

Centers for Disease Control Prevention

MVAs, poison, firearms, falls, suicide, suffocation, homicide

Airway, Breathing, Cardiac

Redness, heat, swelling, pain, and lose of motion

Usually benign tumor arising from granular epithelial tissue

Malignant tumor of epithelial tissue

Benign encapsulated tumor of connective tissue

Malignant tumor of neurologic cells

Benign fatty tumor

Malignant tumor of the skin

Malignant tumor arising from connective tissue such as muscle or bone

Malnutrition, obesity, the excessive or deficient of vitamins, minerals, or both

Too much body fat

<18.5

18.5 to 24.9

25 to 29

30 to 35

36 to 40

>40

Occurs when some part of the immune system malfunctions

Hypoxia, anoxia, drug or bacteria toxins, and viruses

Hypoxia and anoxia

There is a sudden stoppage of blood flow

The trauma of burning, freezing, and embolism

When the blood flow has been slowed down for a long period of time

Arteriosclerosis and advance diabetes

Black, shriveled, or mummified

The extremities, primarily on the feet or toes

The wound is dirty or infected and becomes even more infected with anaerobic bacteria

Bacteria that grows without oxygen

A toxic gas that is acute, painful, and often fatal

Lack of response to stimuli, loss of all reflexes, and lack of brain activity as shown by an EEG

Electroencephalogram