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What are the functions of blood?
- 1. Transportation of O2, nutrients, CO2, wastes, regulatory chemicals, and drugs
- 2. Regulation of temperature, pH, and electrolytes
- 3. Protection through blood clotting and WBCs
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hematopoiesis:
The general term for the process/formation of the formed elements of blood (i.e., RBCs, WBCs, and platelets).
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erythropoiesis:
The formation of RBCs.
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What type of tissue is blood considered to belong?
Connective Tissue (CT)
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formed elements:
- The portion of blood made up of cells and cell fragments (i.e., RBCs, WBCs, and platelets).
- Makes up 45% of blood volume
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hemoglobin:
- The oxygen carrying protein and pigment that gives RBCs and whole blood its characteristic red color.
- Also responsible for transporting ~ 23% of the CO2 in the blood.
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Name the arteries of the body that carry deoxygenated blood, and the veins that carry oxygenated blood.
- Deoxygenated--Pulmonary Trunk, R/L Pulmonary Arteries
- Oxygenated--R/L Pulmonary Veins
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What blood pressure mechanisms are responsible for venous return?
- Residual Pressure--trivial contribution
- Skeletal Muscle Pump
- Respiratory Pump
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What blood vessel characteristics affect blood flow?
- Size of lumen
- Length of blood vessel
- Blood viscosity
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What is the temperature of blood in the bodies core/central circulation?
100.4° F
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What is the normal pH range of blood?
7.35 to 7.45
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What are the major components of blood?
- Blood Plasma (55%)
- Formed Elements (45%)
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blood plasma:
The liquid, extracellular matrix portion of blood composed of water and dissolved substances.
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How long do RBCs live?
~ 120 days
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leukocyte:
white blood cells
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What are the major subcategories of WBCs?
- Granular leukocytes (inflammatory & allergic response)
- Agranular leukocytes (inflammatory response)
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What are the functions of platelets?
- Create blood clots
- Prevent blood loss
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What is the longevity of platelets?
~ 5 to 9 days
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thrombosis:
The formation of a blood clot inside an unbroken blood vessel.
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What is the medical term for a blood clot?
thrombus
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embolus:
The medical term for a blood clot that breaks away and begins to move through the bloodstream.
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aneurysm:
Bulging of the blood vessel walls.
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agglutination:
The process of blood cells clumping together due to receiving a blood transfusion with incompatible blood.
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Name some factors that increase blood pressure.
- Being overweight
- Prolonged, excessive ETOH consumption
- Sedentary lifestyle
- High Na+ intake
- Smoking
- Acute exercise bout
- Swedish massage
- Stress
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phlebitis:
The medical term for inflammation of a vein.
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thrombophlebitis:
The medical term for the inflammation of a vein due to the formation of a blood clot.
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What are the Circulatory Massage implications for a client with a history of heart attack?
- Contraindicated for recent incidence (<6 months)
- Proceed w/Caution if >6 months with complete recovery
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