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What are the four primary functions of the male reproductive system?
- Sperm production
- Sperm transport
- Sperm delivery
- Semen secretion
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interstitial cells:
- Also called Leydig cells.
- Clusters of cells that are located between the seminiferous tubules.
- Secrete testosterone.
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epididymis:
- [epi- = above/over; -didymis = testis]
- A coma-shaped organ that lies along the posterior border of the testes.
- Site of sperm maturation (10-14 days) and storage (several months).
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What are the functions of the male urethra?
- Void urine
- Transport sperm/semen
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accessory sex glands:
- Three glands of the male reproductive system that are responsible for the production and secretion of semen.
- Seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands.
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prostate:
- A single, donut-shaped gland about the size of a golf ball that surrounds the upper portion of the male urethra just inferior to the urinary bladder.
- Secretes a milky, slightly acidic (pH ~ 6.5) fluid containing citric acid, acid phosphatase, and several protein-digesting enzymes.
- These secretions account for ~ 25% of semen volume.
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What are the four functions of the female reproductive system?
- Production of sex hormones
- Produce viable gametes
- Facilitate fertilization
- Support & protect developing embryo
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ovulation:
The rupture of the mature follicle and release of the secondary oocyte into the pelvic cavity.
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corpus luteum:
- The collapsed mature follicle following the release of the secondary oocyte.
- Responsible for secreting several hormones during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle.
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What hormones are produced by the corpus luteum?
- Progesterone
- Estrogens
- Relaxin
- Inhibin
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uterine tubes:
- Also called Fallopian tubes.
- Tubes that extend laterally from the uterus and transport secondary oocytes from the ovaries to the uterus.
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endometrium:
- The inner epithelial layer and mucous membrane of the uterus which is composed of a basal and a functional layer.
- It nourishes the developing embryo during pregnancy.
- The functional layer is shed during menstruation.
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What are five functions of estrogen?
- 1. Promotes development of reproductive structures
- 2. Works with progesterone to prepare for childbirth
- 3. Responsible for secondary sex characteristics
- 4. Lowers cholesterol
- 5. Stimulates protein synthesis
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What are some female secondary sex characteristics?
- Wide pelvis
- Breast development
- Female body hair pattern
- Development of adipose tissue in hips, breasts, abdomen
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What event marks the first day of the menstrual cycle?
Bleeding (i.e., onset of menstruation)
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