It is important to give the same dosage of medications to patients regardless of age, pregnancy status, social habits and systemic disease
True or False?
False
After metabolism, most drugs are excreted through?
The kidneys
A drug that fails to produce maximal effect even when all receptors are occupied is described as a...
A. partial agonist
The therapeutic index of a drug is measured by calculating ..?
Dividing the lethal dose of the drug by the effective dose
A patient who has developed a tolerance to a drug
A. Has a decreased response to the same dosage of the drug
When the actions of two drugs together are greater than the actions of he drugs when used separately, it is described as...
Synergism
Local anesthetics work by ...
Blocking the Na channels and inhibiting the Na influx
A patient needs full mouth rehab and will be in the chair for more than 2 hours and will need post op pain control, which is the best anesthetic?
Marcaine/bupivicaine
How many mg of Lidocaine are in a 1.8mL cartridge of lidocaine 2% with 1:100 epi?
36mg
80 year old patient presents for tx with hx of congestive heart failure, needs restorative work, which is the best anesthetic
Mepivicaine (carbocaine), no epi
26yo female presents to office in 26 week of pregnancy for RCT, which is the best anesthetic?
Lidocaine 2% with 1:100k epi (pregnancy class B)
Which commonly prescribe hypertension medication can cause gingival hyperplasia?
A. Nifedipine
What type of meds are given to reduce blood pressure by increasing urine production and enhancing sodium and water secretion?
Diuretics
56yo male patient presents to office with hx of unstable angina, begins to have anginal episode which medication is appropriate treatment?
A. Nitroglycerin under tongue
Patient presents to office with history of taking Cimetidine (H2 blocker), which of the following would NOT be clinically relevant?
B. Lower doses of anesthetics may be necessary
Which of the following is not appropriate treatment for asthma or COPD?
B. nitrous is a good choice for anxiolysis
A patient with a history of controlled epilepsy presents to clinic, taking phenytoin each day, which is the main concern?
D. gingival overgrowth
Patient with med hx of type 3 diabetes presents to office having taken metformin and has not had bfast, what should be the course of action?
B. give patient apple juice
26 year old female patient presents to office with fluctuant abscess noted near tooth #3, you want to prescribe amox, no medical hx, whats a relevant question?
C. do you take hormonal contraception
because amoxicillin can inhibit contraceptions
A 26 year old patient presents to the office complaining of pain on the upper right side 2 days ago. Diffuse swelling and redness evident in right maxillary infraortibal area. This is a sign of
A. cellulitis
The patient above is noted to have an allergy to penicillin. First choice of antibiotic should be,
Clindamycin
Which patients require antibiotic prophylaxis?
C. Patient with cardiac valve replacement
When is an appropriate time to prescribe antibotics?
B. For immunocompromised patients after surgical procedures
HSV is most commonly found in oral cavity. First choice of drug for a primary infection would be
B. acyclovir - oral
Which of the following is not associated with an increased risk of candidiasis?
A. hyperthyroidism
56 year old patient presents to office complaining of a sore mouth on maxilla, says he wears his dentures at night. Exam shows bright red lesions ending at posterior flange of his denture. Patient is exhibiting symptoms of which candidiasis?
B. erythematous
Write prescription for topical medication for candidiasis?
Nystatin oral suspension 100,000 units per mL, rinse for as long as possible (3min if possible) before spitting 4x a day
Penicillin and other beta-lactam drugs work by
D. preventing synthesis or repair of cell wall
NSAIDs anti-inflammatory effects are largely due to
D. Competitive inhibition of cyclooxygenase
Which of the following is not a toxic side effect of NSAIDs?
A. hypotension
Which of the following NSAIDs is the most effective anti-inflammatory?
C. Ibuprofen
6yo female patient presents with pain, which is NOT the proper recommendation for for pain?
Aspirin (because of Reyes syndrome)
A patient with cirrhosis of liver presents with pain, which is not a proper choice for pain management?
Acetaminophen
Oxycodone is used commonly in dentistry in conjunction with which medication?
Acetaminophen
Which is true about codeine?
B. Has anti-tussive actions at low doses
Which of the following statements about naloxone are not true?
B. In a patient who has NOT taken opioids, it causes respiratory depression
Patient presents for #3 extraction and has Hx of heroin abuse and methadone , which is true for post op control?
Opioids are not recommended for pain control
Which is not recommended for adult caries management for adults caries management?
A. Fluoride supplements
Does fluoride remineralize dentin?
true or false
False
which of the following is not a cause of salivary gland hypofunction?
A. HIV
Which of the following medications can be prescribed to patients to alleviate xerostomia?
C. Pilocarpine
Which of the following is true in regards to nicotine gum?
A. two doses of nicotine are available 2mg and 4mg
Which of the following can be started while patient is still using tobacco products?
D. Bupropion (zyban)
Which of the following tobacco cessation adjuncts has had the best outcomes to date?
A. varenciline (Chantix)
Which is not true regarding sensodyne?
C. gives immediate relief after one use
Midazolam works by
Binding to gaba-A receptors
Which of the following sedative medications is indicated in patients with COPD and asthma because it does not induce respiratory drive?
Ketamine
Which of the following is true of propofol?
B. it is painful upon injection
Which is true about nitrous oxide?
A. Can diffuse into air filled cavities and cause expansion
Which of the following are true statements about Minimal alveolar concentration?
A. The MAC of an inhaled anesthetic is the alveolar concentration that prevents movement in 50% of patients in response to a standardized stimulus (i.e. surgical incision)
Which of the following is NOT a regulation frequently violated by dental practitioners?
C. prescribing opioids for pain control
Controlled substances can be disposed of by:
B. sending substances to a reverse distributor
Who discovered penicillin?
Alexander Fleming
Which of the following is NOT true?
C. dentist can obtain prescription drugs in bulk with a prescription and then dispense the controlled substances in separate amounts
