Chapter 21: Fungi

• A unicellular organism.
• Smaller than plant/animal cells but larger than bacterium cell.

Yeast is unicellular.

Yeast is smaller than plant/animal cells but larger than bacterium cells.

• Asexual reproduction in yeast: Budding-
• Nucleus of parent cell divides by mitosis.
• Daughter nuclei enters a small developing bud on the outside of the yeast cell.
• This bud can separate from parent to become a new individual.
• Sometimes the bud doesn’t separate but it self can bud, by this long colonies of yeast cells can develop.

Asexual reproduction in yeast.

Nucleus of the parent cell divides by mitosis.

Daughter nuclei enters a small developing bud on the outside of the yeast cell.

Sometimes the bud doesn’t separate but can itself bud, by this long colonies of yeast cells can develop.

• Source of food eg. mushrooms
• Yeasts can be used to make bread and alcohols - anaerobic respiration.
• Penicillum notatum is used to make the antibiotic penicillin in the pharmaceutical industry.

Penicillum notatum is used to make the antibiotic penicillin in the pharmaceutical industry.

Yeast can be used to make bread and alcohols - anaerobic respiration.

• Saprophytic fungi can spoil food eg. Rhizopus grows on bread.
• Parasitic fungi can infect animals eg. athlete’s foot and ringworm.
• Phytophthora infestans, potato blight fungus causes disease in potato plants.

Phytophthora infestans potato blight fungus causes disease in potato plants.

Phytophthora infestans (parasitic fungi) potato blight fungus causes disease in potato plants.

Parasitic fungi such as athlete’s foot and ringworm can infect animals.

Saprophytic fungi can spoil food eg. Rhizopus grows on bread.

• Some fungi are edible eg. Field mushrooms
• Many are poisonous if eaten. eg. death cap.
• Difficult to distinguish between poisonous and edible varieties.

Some fungi are edible eg. field mushroom

Many fungi are poisonous if eaten eg. death cap