PSYCH 350 Quiz 5

Mild, transient reactions to stressful events, followed by a quick return to normal, healthy functioning

Negative feelings and beliefs that arise whenever people feel unable to cope with demands from their environment

How the body adapts to threats from the environment

degree to which people have to change and readjust their lives in response to an external event

Believe that things happen because we control them 

Do not believe that good and bad outcomes are out of our control

Belief that we can influence our environment in ways that determine whether we experience positive or negative outcomes

Respond to stress by attacking the source or fleeing from it

Respond to stress with nurturing activities

Perception that others are responsive and receptive to one’s needs

More effective
Give support without implying that the person is incapable

Less effective
Portrays person as incapable of helping themselves

Less likely to seek support under stress

Concerned that seeking support will disrupt group harmony and open themselves up to criticism

A hostile or negative attitude toward people in a distinguishable group based solely on their membership in that group

Three components of prejudice

Cognitive: 

affective: 

behavioral:

A generalization about a group of people

Certain traits are assigned to virtually all members of the group, regardless of actual variation among the members.

when accurately identifies attributes of a group well

blinds us to individual differences

Stereotypical views of women that suggest that women are inferior to men

Stereotypical, positive views of women

An unjustified negative or harmful action toward the members of a group simply because of their membership in that group

A person’s reluctance to get “too close” to another group

Unwilling to work with, marry, or live next to members of a particular group

biases hidden from oneself

Practices that discriminate, legally or illegally, against a minority group by virtue of its ethnicity, gender, culture, age, sexual orientation, or other target of societal or company prejudice

The strong tendency to go along with the group in order to fulfill the group’s expectations and gain acceptance

Part of our identity that stems from our membership in groups

The belief that your own culture, nation, or religion is superior to all others

The tendency to favor members of one’s own group and give them special preference over people who belong to other groups; the group can be temporary and trivial as well as significant

The tendency to blame individuals (make dispositional attributions) for their victimization, is typically motivated by a desire to see the world as a fair place

When frustrated or unhappy, people tend to displace aggression onto groups that are disliked, visible, and relatively powerless

Limited resources leads to conflict among groups, which leads to prejudice and discrimination

The need to depend on each other to accomplish a goal that is important to each group

The finding that the more we see and interact with people, the more likely they are to become our friends

refers to certain aspects of architectural design that make it more likely that some people will come into contact with each other more often than with others

The finding that the more exposure we have to a stimulus, the more apt we are to like it

Gain familiarity through mere exposure

If similar will also seem familiar

People we who like and get to know become familiar

A cognitive bias by which we tend to assume that an individual with one positive characteristic also possesses other (even unrelated) positive characteristics

The attempt to explain social behavior in terms of genetic factors that evolved over time according to the principles of natural selection

In Internet world, not that many degrees of separation

People seek others with similar “popularity” in online dating sites

Liking decreased after meeting (compared to liking based on online profile)

The intimacy and affection we feel when we care deeply for a person

Do not experience passion or arousal in the person’s presence.

An intense longing we feel for a person, accompanied by physiological arousal

When our love is reciprocated, we feel great fulfillment and ecstasy

When it is not, we feel sadness and despair

Totally passive love object, indulged and taken care of by one’s romantic partner

Achieved by helping and working for another person (type of love)

Connection that ties people together (type of love)

The expectations people develop about relationships with others, based on the relationship they had with their primary caregiver when they were infants

Trust, a lack of concern with being abandoned

View that one is worthy and well-liked

Concern that others will not reciprocate one’s desire for intimacy

Results in higher-than-average levels of anxiety

Suppression of attachment needs, because attempts to be intimate have been rebuffed

People with this style find it difficult to develop intimate relationships

More likely to develop mature, lasting relationships

Less able to trust others and find it difficult to develop close, intimate relationships

Want closeness, but worry partner will not return affection

People’s feelings about a relationship depend on perceptions of rewards and costs, the kind of relationship they deserve, and their chances for having a better relationship with someone else

People’s expectations about the level of rewards and punishments they would receive in an alternative relationship

Equitable relationships are the happiest and most stable

Relationships governed by the need for equity (i.e., for an equal ratio of rewards and costs)

Relationships in which people’s primary concern is being responsive to the other person’s needs