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Old world monkeys are ____ from apes
different
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Morphologies
- Arms and legs equal in length
- Narrow thorax
- Less mobile wrists
- More lumbar vertebrae than apes
- Non-prehensile tai
- Dental formula: 2,1,2,3/2,1,2,3
- Bilophodont cusp pattern on lower molars
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Generalization-Species with a ____ mating system show sexual dimorphism
polygynous
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Locomotion
quadrupedal, in trees and on the ground
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Males compete against themselves for rank in a dominance hierarchy (multiple-male polygyny) or for control of a group of females (one-mate polygyny)
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Two subfamilies of OW monkey
Cercopithecines and Colobines
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Cercopithecines:
Diet
Example
Diet: Omnivorous (fruit, leaves, grasses, seeds, insects, some baboon species prey on small mammals & birds)
Example: Savannah Baboon
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Colobines:
Diet
Anatomical specialization:
Diet: Folivory
Anatomical specializaiton: Enlarged complex stomach to digest large amount of leaves (TEST)
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Infanticide
Practiced by males
A male takes over a troop of females by ousting the single resident male (one male polygynous mating system)
New male attempts to kill nursing infants. By killing nursing infants of previous male, mothers no longer lactate & they can resume ovulation.
New male can then impregnate the females to have his own offspring
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Issue: Culture in non-human primate species?
Do non-human primate species have "culture"?
Example of Japanese macaque monkey washing sweet potato
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