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anatomical position:
- Body is erect
- Head is level with eyes forward
- Upper limbs are at the sides with palms facing forward
- Feet are flat on the floor and directed forward
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prone:
A reclined position in which the body is face down.
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supine:
A reclined position in which the body is face up.
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Name the principle regions of the human body.
- Head- skull (part of head that encloses/protects brain) and face
- Neck- supports head and attaches it to trunk
- Trunk- chest, abdomen, and pelvis
- Upper Limbs- Shoulder, armpit arm, forearm, wrist, and hand
- Lower Limbs- buttock, thigh, leg, ankle, and foot
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groin:
The area on the front surface of the body, marked by a crease on each side, where the trunk attaches to the thighs.
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upper portion of breastbone =
manubrium
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front of elbow =
antecubital
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fingers =
phalangeal, digital
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knee cap/anterior knee =
patellar
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toes =
phalangeal, digital
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belly button/navel =
umbilical
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base of skull =
occipital
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shoulder blade =
scapular
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spinal column =
vertebral
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back of elbow =
cubital, olecranal
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between the hips =
sacral
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between anus and external genitals =
perineal
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directional terms:
Words that describe the position of one body part relative to another.
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intermediate =
between structures
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ipsilateral =
on the same side of the body as another structure
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contralateral =
on the opposite side of the body from another structure
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plane:
An imaginary, perfectly flat surface that passes through body parts
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sagittal plane:d
A vertical plane that divides the body or organ into right and left sides.
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midsagittal plane:
A vertical plane that passes through the midline of the body and divides the body into equal right and left sides.
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parasagittal plane:
A vertical plane that divides the body or an organ into unequal right and left sides.
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frontal plane:
A vertical plane that divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior portions.
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coronal plane:
frontal plane
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transverse plane:
A horizontal plane that divides the body or an organ into superior and inferior portions.
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cross-section:
transverse/horizontal plane
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oblique plane:
A plane that passes through the body or an organ at an angle between the transverse plane and either the sagittal or frontal planes.
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section:
- A cut of the body or an organ made along one of the planes just described
- It is important to know the plane, so you can understand the anatomical relationships.
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