HEART

The heart, blood vessels and blood make up what system?

The heart of a healthy adult, at rest pumps how many liters of blood per minute?

The heart continues to pump at approximately _ years

The right side of the heart pumps blood to the _ and back to the left side of the heart through vessels of the _ circulation

The _ side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs and back to the _ side of the heart through vessels of the pulmonary circulation

The left side of the heart pumps blood to _ and back to the right side of the heart through vessels of the _ circulation

The _ side of the heart pumps blood to all other tissues in the body and back to the _ side of the heart through vessels of the systemic circulation

These generate blood pressure, which forces blood through the blood vessels

The heart separates what circulations?

The blood should have adequate levels of?

The valves of the heart ensures a _ flow of blood through the heart and blood vessels

Changes in the _ and _ of heart contraction match the blood flow to the changing metabolic needs of the tissues during rest, exercise l, and changes in body position

The adult heart is shaped like a?

The adult heart weighs?

The adult heart is approximately in what size?

The heart generally decreases in size after approximately what age?

The blunt, rounded point of the heart is?

The larger, flat part of the heart is?

The heart is located where?

The heart, trachea and esophagus, and associated structures form a midline partition called the?

The heart is surrounded by what cavity

An emergency procedure that maintains blood flow in the body if a person’s heart stops

The heart lies at what angle in the mediastinum?

Directions of the base

Directions of the apex

Location of the base of the heart

Location of the apex of the heart

The imaginary line straight down from the middle of the left clavicle. This pendicular line is called?

The heart lies in what cavity

The pericardial cavity is formed by what?

This surrounds the heart and anchors it within the mediastinum

Two layers of the pericardium

The outer layer of the pericardium

Composed of tough, fibrous connective tissue

The inner layer of the pericardium

Consists of flat epithelial cells with a thin layer of connective tissue

Two parts of the serous pericardium

Which serous pericardium lines the fibrous pericardium

Which serous pericardium covers the heart surface

The pericardial cavity is located where?

This is produced by the serous pericardium and helps reduce the friction as the heart moves within the pericardium

The entrance chambers located at the base of the heart

Extend from the base of the heart toward the apex

A groove extends around the heart, separating the atria from the ventricles

What are the 2 additional grooves or sulci that extends inferiorly from the coronary sulcus and indicate the division between the right and left ventricles

It is on the anterior surface of the heart

It is on the posterior surface of the heart

Blood first enters the heart at the?

These carry blood to the atria

These carry blood from the body to the right atrium

How many pulmonary veins carry blood from the lungs to the left atrium

These carry blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Blood exits the heart where?

Blood flows from _ through _

Arising from the right ventricle, splits into the right and left pulmonary arteries

These carry blood to the lungs

Arising from the left ventricles and carries blood to the rest of the body

The heart has how many chambers?

What are the four chambers of the heart

Function primarily as reservoirs, where blood returning from veins collects before it enters the ventricles

Contraction of the atria forces blood into the ventricles to complete what?

The right atrium receives blood from three major openings

These carry deoxygenated blood

The superior and inferior vena cava drain blood from most of the _

The smaller coronary sinus drain blood from most of the _

The _drain blood from most of the body

The _ drain blood from most of the heart muscle

Receives blood through the four pulmonary veins, which drain blood from the lungs

The two atria are separated from each other by a partition called the?

They are the heart’s major pumping chambers

They eject blood into the arteries and force it to flow through the circulatory system

This pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk

This pumps blood into the aorta

The two ventricles are separated from each other by?

Which ventricle has the thicker wall?

Which ventricle contracts more forcefully and generates a greater blood pressure

The one-way blood flow through the heart chambers is maintained by the?

Two types of heart valves

The valve located between each atrium and ventricle

The AV valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle

The AV valve composed of 3 cusps or flaps of tissue

The AV valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle

The AV valve composed of two cusps

Another name for the bicuspid valve

These valves allow blood to flow from the atria into the ventricles but prevent it from flowing back into the atria

When the ventricles relax, the AV valves open or close?

When the ventricles contract, the AV valves open or close?

Each ventricle contains cone-shaped, muscular pillars called?

Thin strong connective tissue strings

When the ventricles contract, the papillary muscles __ and prevents the valves from __

Located between each ventricle and its associated great artery

The semilunar valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

The semilunar valve located between the left ventricle and the aorta

These valves consist of three pocketlike semilunar cusps

Semilunar valves consist of how many pocketlike semilunar cusps

When the ventricles relax, pressures in where are higher than in the ventricles

When the ventricles contract, the _ pressure within the ventricles forces the semilunar valve to _

A plate of connective tissue that consists mainly of fibrous rings that surround the atrioventricular and semilunar valves and give them solid support is called

Another name for cardiac skeleton

The cardiac skeleton also serves as a _ _ between the atria and the ventricles and provides a _ _ _ for cardiac muscle.

The cardiac muscle in the wall of the heart is thick or thin?

What arteries and veins provide the pathway for blood through the heart wall.

These supply blood to the wall of the heart

How many coronary arteries that supply blood to the wall of the heart

These originate from the base of the aorta, just above the aortic semilunar valves

This coronary artery originates on the left side of the aorta

Left coronary artery has three major branches

This left coronary artery lies in the anterior interventricular sulcus

This left coronary artery extends around the coronary sulcus on the left to the posterior surface of the heart

This left coronary artery extends inferiorly along the lateral wall of the left ventricle from the circumflex artery