ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

A small gland about the size of a pea and is housed in a depression of the sphenoid bone inferior to the hypothalamus of the brain

Serves as the control center for the autonomic nervous system as well as the endocrine system

The pituitary gland is divided into 2 parts

Made up of epithelial cells derived from the embryonic oral cavity

Is an extension of the brain and is composed of neurons

Historically the pituitary gland was known as the?

The hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland in two ways

Synthesizes hormones, whose secretion is under the control of the hypothalamus

The storage location for two hormones synthesized by special neurons in the hypothalamus

Hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary are?

Many hormones from the anterior pituitary gland are?

These hormones stimulate the secretion of other hormones from the target tissues

Hormone that stimulates the growth of bones, muscles, and other organs by increasing gene expression.

Hormones that slows protein breakdown during periods of food deprivation and favors lipid breakdown

A young person suffering from a deficiency of growth hormone remains small, although normally proportioned, and is called a

Excess growth hormone secretion is the result from?

Hormone-secreting tumors of the pituitary glands will lead to

The person becomes abnormally tall and the condition is called?

Facial features and hands become abnormally large, and the condition is called?

The secretion of growth hormone is controlled by two hormones from the hypothalamus which are?

This hormone stimulates growth hormone secretion

This hormone inhibits its secretion

Part of the effect of growth hormone is influenced by a group of protein hormones called?

Another name for insulin-like growth factors

Hormone that binds to membrane-bound receptors on cells of the thyroid gland and stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormone. Can also stimulate the growth of thyroid gland.

The rate of TSH secretion is regulated by what hormone from the hypothalamus

Hormone that binds to membrane-bound receptors on cells of the adrenal cortex

ACTH increases the secretion of a hormone from the adrenal cortex called?

Another name for cortisol

ACTH molecules bind to where?

Too much ACTH secretion will lead to what?

The rate of the ACTH is INCREASED by what hormone from the hypothalamus?

Hormone that binds to membrane-bound receptors on the cells of the gonads

What are gonads?

Hormone that regulate the growth, development, and functions of the gonads

What are the two major gonadotropins

In females, this hormone stimulates ovulation

In females, this hormone promotes the secretion of reproductive hormones, estrogen and progesterone

In males, this hormone stimulates to secrete the reproductive hormone, testosterone

In females, this hormone stimulates the development of follicles in the ovaries

In males, this hormone stimulates the development of sperm cells in the testes

The secretion of both LH and FSH is increased by what hormone from the hypothalamus?

This hormone binds to membrane-bound receptors in cells of the breast

This hormone helps promote development of the breast during pregnancy and stimulates the production of milk following pregnancy

This is formerly called prolactin-inhibiting hormone

Hormone that binds to membrane-bound receptors on melanocytes and causes them to synthesize melanin

Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone synthesize what?

Oversecretion of Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone will lead to?

Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone has two regulatory hormones from the hypothalamus which are:

Hormone that binds to membrane-bound receptors and increases water reabsorption by kidney tubules.

Antidiuretic Hormone is also called

What is the result of reduced ADH release

Lack of ADH secretion causes?

A condition where there is production of a large amount of dilute urine

Hormone that binds to membrane-bound receptors and causes contraction of the smooth muscle cells of the uterus as well as milk letdown from the breasts in lactating women

Commercial preparations of oxytocin is given to assist in childbirth and constrict uterine blood vessels following childbirth