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Microorganisms that cause disease or damage to the tissues of the body
Pathogens
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Important for the protection of the body; Involved with fighting infections, as well as filtering blood and lymph to remove pathogens
Lymphatic System
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Functions of the Lymphatic System
- 1. Maintenance of Fluid Balance
- 2. Lipid Absorption
- 3. Defense
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The interstitial fluid that enters the lymphatic capillaries
Lymph
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The Lymphatic vessels used by the lymphatic system to absorb lipids and other substances from the digestive tract
Lacteals
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Pathogens are filtered from lymph through the ____
Lymph nodes
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Pathogens are filtered from the blood by the ____
Spleen
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Components of the Lymphatic System
- 1. Lymph
- 2. Lymphatic vessels
- 3. Lymph nodes
- 4. Tonsils
- 5. Spleen
- 6. Thymus
- (7. Lymphocytes)
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Are tiny, close-ended vessels consisting of simple squamous epithelium
Lymphatic capillaries
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Overlapping _____ of the lymphatic capillary walls act as _____ that prevent the back-flow of fluid
squamous cells, valves
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Resemble small veins; Have a beaded appearance because they have one-way valves
Lymphatic vessels
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The right lymphatic duct empties into the ____
Right subclavian vein
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The thoracic duct empties into the ____
Left subclavian vein
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Lymphatic organs:
- 1. Lymph nodes
- 2. Tonsils
- 3. Spleen
- 4. Thymus
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Respond to pathogens by dividing and increasing in number within the lymphatic tissue
Lymphocytes
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3 groups of tonsils
- 1. Palatine tonsils
- 2. Pharyngeal tonsils
- 3. Lingual tonsils
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Tonsils that are located on each side of the posterior opening of the oral cavity
Palatine tonsils
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Tonsil located near the internal opening of the nasal cavity; called adenoids when enlarged
Pharyngeal tonsil
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Tonsils located on the posterior surface of the tongue
Lingual tonsils
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Form a protective ring of lymphatic tissue around the openings between the nasal and oral cavities and the pharynx
Tonsils
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Removal of the pharyngeal tonsil
Tonsillectomy
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Removal of the palatine tonsil
Adenoidectomy
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Rounded structures that vary in size; Located near lymphatic vessels
Lymph nodes
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Superficial aggregations of lymph nodes on each side of the body:
- 1. Inguinal nodes (groin)
- 2. Axillary nodes (axilla/armpit)
- 3. Cervical nodes (neck)
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Roughly the size of a clenched fist; Located in the left, superior corner of the abdominal cavity
Spleen
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Detect and respond to foreign substances in the blood and destroy old and damaged red blood cells
Spleen
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Lymphatic tissue surrounding the arteries within the spleen
White pulp
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Lymphatic tissue containing macrophages and red blood cells, and enlarged capillaries that connect to the veins
Red pulp
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Removal of the Spleen
Splenectomy
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Is a bilobed gland located in the superior mediastinum behind the sternum that produces and matures lymphocytes
Thymus
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Lymph with high lipid content
Chyle
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Pre-T cells are produced in _____
Red bone marrow
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Pre-T cells migrate to the ____, where they mature to become T cells
Thymus
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Cells that are produced and mature in the red bone marrow
B cells
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