These are statements that form the bases for defining concepts and framing propositions. It also provide the context for a theory. They are accepted as truths, and they represent values and beliefs.
Assumption
Assumptions are challenged.
Proposition
A term used to describe a phenomenon or a group of phenomena.
Concept
It is the territory of the discipline. It contains the subject matter of a discipline, the main agreed-on values and beliefs, the central concepts, the phenomenon of interest, the central problems of the discipline, and the methods used to provide some answers in the discipline
Domain
A branch of philosophy that focuses on reflection on and investigations about the nature and foundation of knowledge.
Epistemology
It is based on the comprehensive review of research findings, with emphases on intervention, randomized clinical trials as a gold standard, the integration of statistical findings, and making critical decisions about the findings based on evidence hierarchies, tools used in studies and in meta-analysis, and cost
Evidence-based practice
It is the fundamental assumptions about the nature of beings, the relationships between the parts as they exist. It is a theory of “what there is”
Ontology
It is defined as those aspects of a discipline that are shared by its scientific community. It is a philosophical analysis of disciplines and their development.
Paradigm
It is presenting of ideas succinctly, under the premise that explanations should be clearest when made using the fewest statements.
Parsimony
An aspect of reality that can be consciously sensed or experienced. It is the term, description, or label given to describe an idea about an event, a situation, a process, a group of events, or a group of situations.
Phenomenon
It is concerned with the values and beliefs of a discipline and with the values and beliefs held by members of that discipline.
Philosophy
It is defined as an accepted practice or custom, or an idea translated into action, or something in reality rather than something in theory.
Praxis
The terms ________, _______, _________s, and ________ have been used interchangeably in the literature.
Theoretical frameworks
Conceptual frameworks
Conceptual models
Theories
It is developed to answer specific questions.
Theory
It is developed to provide direction for research projects.
Frameworks and models
It is developed to represent theories and to provide direction for research projects.
Models
It evolved from theory, theories, or research.
Theoretical and conceptual framework
“Theories differ from frameworks in ______, a connection between _______, and the nature of _______”.
coherence
concepts
propositions
It is an organized, coherent, and systematic articulation of a set of statements related to significant questions in a discipline and communicated as a meaningful whole.
Theory
It is defined as a conceptualization of some aspect of nursing reality communicated for the purpose of describing phenomena, explaining relationships between phenomena, predicting consequences, or prescribing nursing care
Nursing theory
How is a nursing client conceptualized?
A self-care agent and a conglomerate of needs
What type of a being is a nursing client?
Biopsychosocial and cultural being
A nursing client is a system with a number of ______
Behavioral subsystem
A nursing client is a system of such modes as _______, _______, _______, and ________, among others.
Interdependence
Self-concept
Roles
Psyche
What is the focus of nursing care?
Person–environment interactions
It is a product of person–environment interactions.
Health and illness behavior
It is a tool for diagnosis and intervention in nursing.
Communication
A goal of interaction is to develop ______, which in turn enhances patient care.
Rapport
What is the focus of nursing intervention?
Client's environment
It is the composite of energy fields
Environment
Nursing care deals with _______ of environment.
manipulation
Nursing always provides self-care needs to a client or a significant other. True or False?
False, Nursing provides self-care needs only until the client or a significant other is capable of providing self-care.
A person who is conceptualized as performing a number of functions designed to meet the patient’s needs.
Nurse
Nurses deliver ___ that focuses on patients’ outcomes; these outcomes reflect medical and/or nursing perspectives.
care
It is a framework for assessment or intervention.
Nurse-patient interactions
It is the study of the fundamental nature of reality and existence - general theory of reality
Metaphysics
It is the study of theory of being (what is or what exist)
Ontology
It is the study of the physical universe
Cosmology
It is the study of knowledge of knowing (ways of knowing, nature of truth, and relationship between knowledge and belief)
Epistemology
It is the study of principles and methods of reasoning (inference and argument)
Logics
study of nature values; right and wrong (moral philosophy)
Ethics (axiology)
It is the study of appreciation of art or things beautiful
Esthetics
It is the study of science and scientific practice
Philosophy of science
It is the study of citizen and state
Political philosophy
It refers to the belief system of the profession and provides perspectives for practice, scholarship, and research
Nursing Philosophy
It refers to the system of relationships of human responses in health and illness addressing biologic, behavioral, social, and cultural domains. The goal of this system is to represent the nature of nursing—to understand it, to explain it, and to use it for the benefit of humankind.
Nursing science
It seeks to understand truth; to describe nursing; to examine prediction and causality; to critically relate theories, models, and scientific systems; and to explore determinism and free will.
Philosophy of science in nursing
The scientific form of knowing. It comes from observation, testing, and replication.
Empirics
It is a priori knowledge. It pertains to knowledge gained from thought alone.
Personal knowledge
It includes feelings and hunches. It is not guessing, but relies on nonconscious pattern recognition and experience.
Intuitive knowledge
It is the knowing of the body in relation to physical movement. It includes experiential use of muscles and balance to perform a physical task.
Somatic knowledge
It is seeking the presence of a higher power.
Aspects of this include magic, miracles, psychokinesis, extrasensory perception, and near-death experiences.
Metaphysical (spiritual) knowledge
It is knowledge related to beauty, harmony, and expression. It incorporates art, creativity, and values.
Esthetics
It is the knowledge of what is right and wrong. Values and social and cultural norms of behavior are components of ethical knowledge.
Moral or ethical knowledge
It interrelate concepts in such a way as to create a different way of looking at a particular phenomenon.
Theories
Theories are specific. True or false?
False, theories are generalizable.
Theories are logical in nature. True or false?
True
These are the bases for hypotheses that can be tested.
Theories
It increase the general body of knowledge within the discipline through the research implemented to validate them.
Theories
These are used by the practitioners to guide and improve their practice.
Theories
These are consistent with other validated theories, laws, and principles but will leave open unanswered questions that need to be investigated
Theories
These are structures that include assumptions, concepts, narrative descriptions, propositions, and exemplars.
Theories
The structural components of descriptive and prescriptive theories are somewhat similar. True or false?
False, they are different.
Relationship between these two are cyclical in nature; the results can be used to verify, modify, disprove, or support a proposition.
Theory and research
It has provided nurse researchers with new proposition for nursing research that could not have been as well articulated if theories from other disciplines were used.
Nursing theories
It has been driven in the past by educational sociological and psychological theories and less by nursing thought.
Nursing research
It stimulates nurse scientist to explore significant responses in the field of nursing such as eating, feeding, pain monitoring, sleeping, and resting.
Nursing theories
The primary use of these are to provide insights about nursing practice situations and to guide research.
