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cation
an ion with a positive charge
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Anion
an ion carrying one or more negative charges therefore attracted to a positive pole
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polar molecules
nonsymmetrical molecules that contain electrically unbalanced atoms
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non polar molecules
electrically balanced molecules
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anabloic
synthesis reaction that join small molecules called amino acids into large protein molecules
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catabolic
decomposition reaction that occur in body cells
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exergonic
chemical reaction that releases energy
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endergonic
chemical reaction that absorbs energy
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hydrolysis
process in which water is used to split a substance into smaller particles
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dehydration synthesis
process by which a large molecule is synthesized by removing water and covalently boding smaller molecules together
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buffer
chemical substance or system that minimizes changes in ph by releasing or binding ions
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monosaccharide
one large sugar; building block of carbohydrates
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polysaccharide
many sugars, a polymer of linked monosacharides
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disaccharide
double sugar, sucrose
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denatured
to treat by chemical or physical means so as to alter its original state
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macromolecule
large, complex molecules containing from 100 to 10,000 amino acids
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steroids
group of chemical substance including certain hormones and cholesterol; they are fat soluble and contain little oxygen
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amino acids
organic compound containing nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen ; building block of protein
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phospoholipids
modified lipid, contains phosphorous
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electrolytes
chemical substances , such as salts , acids, and bases , that ionize and dissociate in water and are capable of conducting an electrical current
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