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Ventilation Note Cards.docx

  1. Ventilation
    Process of moving air in and out of lungs
  2. What are the two gases that diffuse over the alveolar-capillary (fantastically)
    Oxygen and Carbon dioxide
  3. Describe the process of moving air in and out of the lungs
    First- alveolar Capillary membrane diffuses gases  

    Second -the gases go to our lungs 

    Third- oxygen leaves our lungs 

    Four -oxygen goes into our blood 

    Five -Carbon dioxide leaves blood  

    Six -Blood goes to the lungs
  4. Partial Pressures of Gas
    Air

    –Oxygen (21 * 760) = 159mmHg 

    –Nitrogen (79 * 760) = 597 

    –Argon   

    –Carbon dioxide  

    –Others…
  5. Combined pressures
    atmospheric pressures
  6. atmospheric pressures
    760 mmHg combined pressures
  7. Dalton’s Law
    The pressure of each gas in a mixture exerts a partial pressure proportional to its fractional percentage in the mixture.
  8. PO2
    Partial Pressure of atmospheric O2
  9. PCO2
    Partial Pressure of atmospheric CO2
  10. Inspired air
    gets heated to body temperature & saturates it with water
  11. PIO2
    the pressure of inspired oxygen in the trachea
  12. PH2O
    the partial pressure of water equal to approximately 47mm Hg. It also takes up space .
  13. Minute Ventilation (MV)
    ·
    V
    E
    How much air are you moving per minute in terms of liters.

    • ·  (Over time )
    • V (ventialtion)
    • E (expiratory)
  14. Tidal Volume (TV)
    How much air you move in and out with each breath.
  15. Normal Tidal volume
    500 MLs
  16. Volume of air entering & leaving lungs each minute
    Minute Ventilation
  17. How is PIO2 calculated?
    PiO2 = FiO2 x (barometric pressure – saturated vapor pressure of H20)PiO2 = 0.21 x (760 – 47) – sea level.PiO2 = 150mmHg.gas supply pressures are continuously measured.

    Note; Normal body temp and human this 47% will never change
  18. Tidal Volume Ranges
    400,450,500
  19. Respiratory Rate (RR) normal ranges
    • 12-16
    • 10-20
  20. Calculation is given based on IBW for which calculations?
    • Minute Ventilation (MV) and 
    • Sometimes Dead Space for patients who appear to be super short or super tall
  21. How many ML of Tidal volume per Kg of IBW?
    6 ML
  22. Does 300 Kg necessarily increase the lung volumes
    No
  23. Calculate the minute ventialtion for a man  who IBW is 70 Kg.
    • 6 * 70=420 ml
    • TV * RR = Minute Ventilation
    • 420 * 20 = 8400 Minutes =8.4L
  24. How do you calculate the minute volume?
    Minute volume is calculated by taking the tidal volume and multiplying the respiratory rate (the number of breaths per minute a person is taking).
  25. Alveolar minute ventilation
    is less than minute ventilation and is calculated as ([tidal volume − dead space] × respiratory rate) or ([500 mL − 150 mL] × 12 breaths/min) = 4200 mL/min.
  26. Anatomical dead space is represented by
    the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of respiration made up by the nose, trachea, and bronchi. This volume is considered to be 30% of normal tidal volume (500 mL); therefore, the value of anatomic dead space is 150 mL.
  27. Alveolar ventilation rate
    AVR=(TV- dead space)* # of breaths/min=(500 ml -150 ml) (12)=(350)(12)=4200 ml/min




    we're going to subtract the Dead Space from that title volume so we'll take the title volume subtract the Dead Space from it and then still multiply it times the frequency of breathing or the number of breaths per minute and so the alveolar ventilation right you can see is an equation that's similar to the  minute respiratory volume you just correcting it for the Dead Space
  28. normal dead space
    is 20-40% of our air that we breath
  29. This is a normal value for dead space/ Tidal volume
    20-30 / 40 = 0.25 or 25%
  30. Effective portion of ventilation
    V · 
    A
    • Alveolar Ventilation
    • V (means ventilation)
    • · (means Over Time)
    • Alveolar
  31. Dead space
    portion of inspired air that never reaches alveoli
  32. Dead space Ventilation
    Three types of Dead space Ventilation- Anatomical, Alveolar and Physiological
  33. Anatomic Dead space Value
    150 ml (30% of 500 ml)
  34. Anatomical Dead Space-
    Nose, trachea, bronchi 

    conducting Airways, NO gas exchange 

    gas composition changes inspiration to expiration
  35. What is the normal tidal volume
    500 MLs
  36. Alveolar Dead Space
    When your calculation is not what you expected in addition to anatomical 

     *Volume in non-perfused (no blood supply) alveolae 

    *ABNORMAL condition
  37. Physiological Dead Space
    the SUM of anatomical and alveolar Dead Spaces
  38. VD/VT
    Dead space / Tidal volume
  39. Bohr Equation
    Calculating Vd/Vt (Dead space to tidal volume) Ratios
  40. What is the name of this equation? 

    –Vd/Vt = PaCO2 – PECO2 

    PaCO2
    Bohr Equation
  41. measure carbon dioxide CO2 in expired air and provides clinicians with a noninvasive measure of systemic metabolism, circulation, and ventilation.
    Capnometer
  42. Tidal volume (normal)
    500 MLs
  43. Calculate TV
    dead space * RR
  44. Calculate TV with out deadspace
    Use IBW
  45. Calculate the Ideal Body Weight in pounds for the following individual:Male  6’2” tall
    50 +(2*14) =78 + 2= 80Kg *2.2=176 lbs (IBW)
  46. Calculate the Ideal Body Weight in pounds for the following individual. Female  5’2” tall
    118.8 Lbs
  47. What is the formula for IBW
    • IBW = 50 kg + (2 x each inch over 5’)
    • Add 2 for men
Author
Patrice89
ID
359421
Card Set
Ventilation Note Cards.docx
Description
Ventilation. Atmospheric pressures, Dalton's Law,dead space, anatomic, Tidal volume, minute ventilation, Bohr Equation, Capnometer
Updated

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