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theory
A tested explanation of the results of many experiments.
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solution
A homogeneous mixture in which all particles are of the size of atoms, small molecules, or small ions.
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phases
A homogeneous region within a sample.
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mixtures
Any matter consisting of two or more substances physically combined in no particular proportion by mass.
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millimeter (mm)
0.001 m. 1000 mm
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milliliters (mL)
0.001 L. 1000 mL = 1 L.
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liter (L)
1 dm3. 1 L = 1000 mL = 1000 cm3
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law
A description of behavior (and not an explanation of behavior) based on the results of many experiments.
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intensive properties
A property whose physical magnitude is independent of the size of the sample, such as density or temperature.
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homogeneous mixture
A mixture that has only one phase and that has uniform properties throughout; a solution.
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heterogeneous mixture
A mixture that has two or more phases with different properties.
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extensive property
A property of an object that is described by a physical quantity whose magnitude is proportional to the size or amount of the object (e.g., mass or volume).
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density
The ratio of an object's mass to its volume. (mass/volume)
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pico
0.000000000001
10-12
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Celsius to Fahrenheit
(9/5)temp in celsius + 32
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fahrenheit to celsius
(5/9)temp in fahrenheit - 32
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Celsius to Kelvin
celsius temp+273.15
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Sig fig rules for zeros
Zeros to the right of a decimal point are always counted as significant.
Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are never counted as significant.
Zeros on the end of a number without a decimal point are assumed not to be significant.
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sig fig rules for multiplication and division
or multiplication and division, the number of significant figures in the answer should not be greater than the number of significant figures in the least precise measurement.
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sig fig rules for addition and subtraction
For addition and subtraction, the answer should have the same number of decimal places as the quantity with the fewest number of decimal places
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