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Anatomy
The study of the structure and shape of the body
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Gross anatomy
The study of large structures and shapes of the body, the parts you can see with your naked eye
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Microscopic anatomy
The study of microscopic structures and shapes of the body eg. cells
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Physiology
The study of how the body works or functions
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Atom
The smallest part of an element, indivisible by ordinary chemical means
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Cell
The smallest unit of all living things
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Tissue
Groups of similar cells that have a common function
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4 basic tissue types
Epithelial, connective, muscular, and neural neural
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Organ
A structure composed of 2 or more tissue types that preforms a specific function for the body
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Organ system
A group of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose
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Organism
The sum total of all structure levels working together to keep us alive
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Hematopoiesis
Formation of blood cells, takes place within the cavities of the skeleton
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Metabolism
All chemical reactions that occur in the body
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How is growth usually accomplished
By increasing the number of cells
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What are the 5 survival needs
Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, and atmospheric pressure
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What accounts for 60 to 80 percent of the human body
Water
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What are the 3 components of all homeostatic control mechanisms
Receptor, control center, and effector
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Homeostatic receptor
A sensor that monitors any changes in the environment
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What does the homeostatic receptor do
It reports any environmental changes to the homeostatic control center
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Stimuli
Changes in the environment
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Afferent pathway
The pathway that the homeostatic receptor uses to send stimuli to the homeostatic control center
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Homeostatic control center
Receives stimuli, analyzes the stimuli, then sends the appropriate response to the homeostatic effector
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Homeostatic effector
Provides the means of the homeostatic control center response to be carried out
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Efferent pathway
The pathway the homeostatic control center uses to send the response to the stimuli for the homeostatic effector to carry out
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Feedback
The results of the response to the stimuli
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Feedback types
Negative feedback and positive feedback
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Negative feedback
Depressing the stimuli by shutting down the whole control mechanism
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Positive feedback
Enhancing the reaction so that it continues at even faster rate
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The most common feedback used
Negative feedback
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What are the most common positive feedback
Blood clotting and child birth
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Homeostatic imbalance
The condition where most diseases are regarded as a disturbance of homeostasis
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