-
what are the general characteristics of herpesvirus diseases?
- herpesviruses produce latent, recurrent, malignant diseases
- reactivation
- opportunistic to AIDS
-
where is the primary infection for HHV1 most common?
children
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the ______of the HHV1 do not guarantee immunity to recurrent herpes
antibodies
-
______ ______ serve as a reservoir for HHV1
sulcular epithelium
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HHV1 can have a re-occurrence because of what?
trauma-during dental procedures trauma can occure and bring about herpetic re-occurrences
-
what is a primary infection vs a full blown infections for primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?
- primary-mild or isolated lesions on the marginal or attached tissues
- full blown-oral ulcers
-
what are the frequent manifestations of HHV1?
gingivostomatitis and pharyngitis
-
what are the symptoms of HHV1?
- fever
- malaise
- can't eat
- inflammation of lymph nodes
-
where do the oral vesicular lesions appear with HHV1?
-
what is trigeminal ganglia?
- Type of HHV1-subclinical carrier
- typical cold sore
-
what is herpes labialis?
- cold sore, fever blister
- HSV1 and HSV2
-
what triggers herpes labialis?
- stress
- illness
- sunlight
- trauma
-
define prodrome:
buring or slight stinging sensations with slight swelling that occurs before a local lesion occur.
-
where do herpes labialis occur?
- vermillion border
- gingiva or hard palate
-
what are the clinical characteristics of herpes labialis?
- group of vesicles-rupture or coalesces
- healing-crusting
- infectious lesion-with viral sheddign
- autoinfection-eye, nose, genitals, other people
-
what is herpetic whitlow?
herpes simplex infection of the fingers resulting from the virus entering thru minor skin abrasions
-
how is herpetic whitlow transmitted?
- HSV1 or HSV2
- primary or recurrent
- direct contact with vesicular lesion
- saliva contact
- autoinfection-nail biting
-
how can herpetic whitlow be prevented?
- standarded precautions
- nearly extinct
-
what is ocular herpes?
- HHV1
- herpes simplex lesion in the eye
-
how is ocular herpes transmitted?
- splashing of saliva
- extension from a facial lesion
- in utero, during birht
-
what are the symptoms of ocular herpes?
fever, pain, blurred vision, swelling, excess tears
-
what is herpes kertaconjunctionivitis (part of ocular herpes)?
deep inflammation-loss of sight
-
how can ocular herpes be prevented?
- standard precautions
- eye protection for the clinician and patient
-
what is herpes simplex virus 2?
genital herpes
-
where can HHV2 occur?
genitals, oral cavity, perioral infections
-
what is the clinical management of HHV2?
- patient history-thorough
- postpone appointments-explain to pt contagiousness and secondary infections
- irritation to lesions-prolong the course and increase the severity
- prodromal state-call and change appt when lesion is developing
-
what is the treatment for HHV2 and how is it used?
- acyclovir-antiviral drug
- topical
- oral
- intravenous
-
what is HHV3?
chickenpox and shingles
-
how is chicken pox transmitted?
- direct contact
- airborne
- indirect contact
-
where does shingles lay latent?
dorsal root ganglia
-
what is the disease process of shingles? (2 types)
- localized unilateral-eruptions associated with the nerve endings of area innervated by infected sensory nerves
- introral lesions-when the second division of the trigeminal nerve is involved.
-
what is HHV4
Epstein-Barr Virus and hairy leucoplakia
-
what is Epstein Barr Virus?
infectious mononucleosis
-
what are the symptoms of EBV
- fever
- lympadenopathy
- sore throat
-
what is the nickname for EBV
kissing disease-direct contact with saliva and by droplet
-
what is hairy leucoplakia associated with?
AIDS
-
what are the symptoms of hairy leucoplakia?
white linear lesions along lateral borders
-
what is HHV5?
cytomegalovirus (HCMV)
-
how is HCMV transmitted?
- exrected-urine, saliva, cervical secretions, semen
- blood transfusion
- post tranplant
- respiratory droplet
- sexual
-
when is HCMV transmitted?
-
what are the childhood problems associated with HCMV?
- premature
- anemic
- metal retardation
- microcephaly
- motor disabilities
- deafness
- chronic liver disease
-
what are the characteristics of HCMV in adults?
- rare
- serious complication of AIDS
- mononucleosis
- pneumonitis
-
how is HCMV prevented?
- personal hygiene
- standard precautions
- seropositivy check prior to surgeris
-
what is HHV6?
herpes lymphotrophic virus (HLV)
-
what are the characteristics of HLV?
- widespread-high % of people with antibodies
- depresses immune system
- latent indefinitely
-
what is a childhood infection of HLV?
roseola infantum-high temp and rash
-
when does HLV reactivate?
- bone marrow transplant
- solid organ transplant
- complicated by rejection of transplants
-
what are the characteristics of HHV7?
- prevalent in general population
- reactivation-immunocompromised
- infection-bone marrow or solid organ transplant
-
what is the periodontal connection to HHV7?
high HHV7 in perio and in health tissues
-
what is HHV8?
Kaposi's Sarcome Related Virus
-
what is HHV8 a defining virus of?
AIDS
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