Final's flashcards for ITEC4313.01 Emerging Information Tech

True or False:
Data Fabric allows easy access and sharing across distributed data environments.
A) True
B) False

Multiple Choice.
The Economist classified____ as the world's most valuable resource replacing oil.
A) Cryptocurrency
B) Blockchain Technology
C) Metaverse Property
D) Data

True or False:
One of the trends currently, is that database administrators are having to be less involved in the application development.
A) True
B) False

In a recent survey amongst UK employers, which of the following areas of knowledge did they look for the most?
A) Solution architecture
B) Data science (machine learning, AI)
C) Data Preparation
D) Software engineering (coding)

True or False:
Data silos are huge sources of inefficiency in any department or organization.
A) True
B) False

The characteristics of Big Data are volume, velocity, and variety. Velocity refers to:
A) the pace at which data sources generate
B) how quickly the data is changing the market
C) the amount of data growing day by day
D) the many different types of sources

True or False:
For Database Administrators that manage on-premises databases, the top priority is maintenance while optimizing performance is the most time-consuming task.

A) True
B) False

Which of the following contributed to the evolution of NoSQL?

A) Not optimized to add more computers to help process more data
B) Unable to handle semi- or unstructured data well
C) High licensing cost
D) Designed for steady data retention
E) All the above

In relational databases, data is stored in

A) Relationships
B) Tables
C) Spreadsheets
D) Graphs

As a benefit of cloud computing, what function are DBA's able to focus their efforts on?

A) Data Integration
B) Data Quality
C) Database Maintenance
D) Database Performance
E) Database Documentation

Short Answer:
What is Blockchain?

Relational DB's are known for doing which of the following things particularly well?

A) Handling high velocity data streams
B) Handles high licensing costs effectively
C) Handling small amounts of data
D) Completing large scale horizontal scaling

Data governance includes the ___ and ____ involved in managing data assets. (Please select the best two answers.)

a. Organization
b. Processes
c. Framework
d. Department

Employees from different departments within a company are keeping data from each other instead of working together, which can result in competition or animosity. Which of these data silo factors does this situation most represent?

A) Environmental
B) Structural
C) Cultural
D) Technological

There are four characteristics of Big Data, which of the following below has all four characteristics?

A) Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity
B) Size, Volume, Type, Veracity
C) Security, Volume, Unstructured, Complex
D) Size, Variety, Volume, Structure

Companies are investing more and more into data management and storage than ever before. Why is this?

A) They aren't investing more than before
B) They feel like it
C) They think they need to because of Big Data
D) The world's most valuable resource is Data

Which is not a characteristic that defines Big Data:

A) Velocity
B) Verticality
C) Variety
D) Volume

If a company has a lot of data to store that is complex making it difficult to store, what kind of data is this?

A) Temporary Data
B) Mid-Tier Data
C) Big Data
D) Complex Data

What are some true advantages of using big data? (Select two)

a. Reducing cost
b. Ease of maintenance
c. Improved customer support
d. Security risk
e. Mass storage facilities

Why would a company choose to not adopt blockchain?

A) The quality of the real-time tracking of products would decrease.
B) Data integrity will be weakened, and confidential information would be less secure
C) Their employees would not have the skills necessary to navigate blockchain.
D) The distribution of counterfeit goods would increase.

What are not the challenges with big data?

A) the massive amounts of power to store data
B) accessing and processing speed
C) storing the colossal amount of data
D) processing data with complex structure

Relational databases don't do some things well, which led to the evolution of the noSQL database. Which of the following is not a reason for the evolution of the noSQL database?

A) Relational databases are not optimized for horizontal scaling.
B) Relational databases are designed more for rapid growth rather than steady data retention.
C) Relational databases have a high licensing cost
D) Relational databases do not handle semi-structured or unstructured data well.

True or False:
Widespread adoption of blockchain is not a challenge when implementing the technology?
A) True
B) False

True or False:
Once conceptualized, a blockchain rarely, if ever, grows, and separates themselves from using cryptography.
A) True
B) False

Big Data is:

A) Large
B) Complex
C) Easy to store
D) both A and B

One of the overarching situations that arise from data silos is that multiple teams store complementary but separate data. This can lead to ...

A) Increased risk to business, misuse of data, and increased cash flow
B) Minor errors, increased cash flow, and over used resources
C) Minor errors, over used resources, and decreased risk to business
D) Critical errors, workflow gaps, and increased risk to business

Fill in Blank.
____________ technology creates a connected asset that introduces a new attack vector that needs protecting.

Short answer:
What bill required the national institute of standards and technology and office of management and budget to increase the security of internet of things devices?

True or False:
Generally personal computers and smartphones are also considered IoT devices.

A) True
B) False

Which of the following are the major components of loT?

A) Thing or Device, Gateway, Cloud, Analytics, User Interface.
B) Thing or Device, Cloud, Analytics, User Interface, Security.
C) General Devices, Gateways, Cloud, Analytics, User Interface
D) Thing or Device, Gateway, Cloud, Analytics, Security.

Which of the following industry is the biggest adopter of Industry 4.0?

A) Processing
B) Automotive
C) Metals and Mining
D) Energy

Select the best definition for loT platform.

A) An on-premises software suite or a cloud service that monitors and controls various types of endpoints, often via applications business units deploy on the platform.
B) It is software in which a cloud provider hosts applications and makes them available to endusers over the internet.
C) A specific class of computer software that provides the low-level control for a device's specific hardware.
D) An loT device that can be accessed over the cloud

How can IoT improve industrial manufacturing? (Select all that apply):

a. IoT enables manufacturers to scale up different equipment capable of distant observing and servicing
b. It helps to detect and avoid the issues that may cause delays.
c. loT completely automates the manufacturing process, eliminating the need for manual labor.
d. It enables the managers to better allocate the resources, improve worker skilfulness and make the working environment safe.

List the industry by loT adoption from greatest (1) to least (5).

Industry	IoT adoption
Transportation
Business/Manufacturing
Retail
Security
Health Care

Which is a gateway for IoT devices?

A) Splits networks into multiple pieces to improve the efficiency of the network
B) The visible, tangible part of an loT system that can be accessed
C) Network of servers that perform high speed data processing and management
D) Connects loT devices, sensors, and equipment systems to the cloud

Why do major industries, such as factories, businesses, and healthcare facilities, rely on loT devices?

A) loT helps to track inventory with greater accuracy
B) IoT helps to manage machines more efficiently
C) loT helps businesses save on costs
D) All the above
E) None of the above

What are some of the security issues that loT products face? Select all that apply.

a. Physical Security
b. Phishing
c. Backdoors
d. Secure Coding
e. Quid Pro Quo Attacks

Short answer:
What is Industry 4.0?

What is the easiest way a consumer can make sure their loT is properly secure?

A) Authenticate device identity
B) Update firmware
C) Secure the code
D) Remove backdoors

What percentage of people lack confidence in loT device security?

A) 87%
B) 90%
C) 99%
D) 76%

Which of the following is not a major component of loT?

A) User Interface
B) Traffic
C) Cloud
D) Analytics

Which of the following are challenges of loT?

A) IoT products on the market that are vulnerable to attacks
B) People who never update their firmware
C) Rural areas that lack reliable internet connection
D) All the above

What are the main issues loT deals with?

a. Funding
b. Security
c. Rural Areas
d. Enough Staffing

What is an efficient way of using lot in practice?

a. Using your smart watch to track your heart rate while exercising
b. The toaster goes off when the timer is out
c. Google smart devices act as a smart assistant to help you complete small task using your voice.
d. Your car door locks on its own after a certain time period
e. A small microchip to detect the location of your loved items and find them using your phone

What are some major challenges loT is facing?

a. Lack of use Cases
b. loT products are vulnerable to attack
c. Rural areas lack reliable connection
d. Users who don't update their firmware

When applying IOT, what is the major main challenge businesses are facing?

A) Companies that will not benefit from IoT from lack of data science specialists
B) Rural areas that lack reliable connection or any connectivity
C) Developers who are rushing loT products that are not Properly secured
D) IoT products on the market that vulnerable to attacks
E) Americans who never update their firmware

Why was the Cybersecurity Improvement Act of 2019 received with critical feedback?

A) It applied only to government devices.
B) It would reduce sales of equipment
C) It calls for the creation of new standards
D) It requires vulnerability disclosure.

Which of these is NOT an IoT adoption trend seen in 2022?

A) loT adoption is accelerating
B) A and B Correct
C) The complexity of IoT projects is becoming easier and easier
D) The gap between adoption leaders and laggards is widening

What are some security problems that loT products have?

a. Start-up
b. Backdoors
c. Encryption
d. SAS Correct

Which of the following is not an example of major challenges IOT is facing?

A) Company not being able to use their collected big data
B) Americans tend to never update devices properly
C) A lack of current interest in IOT devices
D) Rushed to market devices with awful security

Short Answer:
List three benefits of Smart Cities.

True or False:
By combining virtual and real landscapes, extended reality has many valuable use cases, some being: Training and Development, Marketing and Sales, and Expensive hardware.

A) True
B) False

True or False:
3D printing was once considered a subtractive process due to the extraction of data from the file, so that printing could occur.

A) True
B) False

Which is a challenge facing AR/VR devices?

A) Physical space constraints
B) Limited materials for construction
C) Market availability
D) Ongoing research into innovation

Multiple Choice:
Which one of the answers below is NOT true about what Virtual Reality (VR) can help do for businesses?

A) Assists with safely training employees in complex situations
B) Creates unique consumer/brand experience for major companies
C) Enables a slower more defined prototyping process
D) Creates virtual meeting rooms for collaboration between teams

What are some of the benefits of 5D printing? Select all that apply.

a. It has a cost-effective manufacturing process.
b. A physical prototype can be tested.
c. Curved layers prevent creating weak points.
d. Objects are 3 to 5 times stronger.
e. Printers can create anything within their build volume.

Which of the following accurately describes a difference between AR and VR technology and trends?

A) AR technology is more accessible in terms of cost to the average consumer because it can be experienced through smart phones and other devices the user already possesses, hereas VR requires the purchase of new equipment
B) Outside cost, the biggest roadblock to the adoption of VR technology right now is the learning curve - the technology requires users and support technicians to learn to properly use and troubleshoot completely new tools. The biggest roadblock to the adoption of AR technology, however, is integration into current infrastructure since it requires old tools to be adapted for new purposes, whereas VR is more self-contained.
C) Currently, VR is being used by industry most frequently in the area of training, to allow employees to safely experience situations that might be dangerous or require the use of expensive and delicate tools in the real world, whereas AR is currently being used most frequently to enhance a customer's retail experience through such experiences as virtual fitting rooms or show rooms.
D) VR completely immerses a user in a digital world and requires the use of a wearable device, but AR overlays a digital reality on the user's actual physical surroundings through a smart phone or other screen and does not use wearables.

You are working for the local community college as an IT consultant. The head of the nursing program has asked your opinion on the viability of utilizing virtual reality in the nursing curriculum. What are some of the difficulties facing VR that they should be informed of before making their decision? (Select all that apply)

a. Virtual reality has a learning curve.
b. Virtual reality has spatial constraints.
c. Virtual reality is not well utilized as a training tool.
d. Virtual reality requires ongoing IT support.

Amazon has recently updated their website, so the customer is able to see in real time how a piece of furniture would fit in their home. This type of technology is known as:

A) MR
B) AR
C) VR
D) XR

Select the best answer: What are the main advantages of 3D printing?

A) Quality, Speed, and Flexibility.
B) Cost, Speed, and Competitive Advantage.
C) Speed, Flexibility, and Cost.
D) Competitive Advantage, Cost, and Risk Reduction.

Which of the following is False about the uses of 3D Printing in the medical field?

A) Allows pharmacies to print on demand medication that requires cold storage
B) Allows doctors to custom print prosthetic limbs for amputees
C) Allows doctors to print nervous tissue to help paralysis and stroke victims
D) Allows doctors to print replacement bones using titanium
E) Allows doctors to practice surgery on replica organs to minimize trauma on patients

Which XR allows users to see the real world with additional digital information and virtual objects layered on top?

A) PR
B) MR
C) VR
D) AR

What is additive manufacturing?

A) The process of adding new materials to an object to transform it into a different object
B) The process of creating an object by removing from a block of material until the object is created
C) The process of creating an object by adding material in layers until the object is created
D) The process of making 3D objects from a digital file

True or False:
In the medical field, 3D printing can be utilized to produce pharmaceutical drugs.

A) True
B) False

Computer Numeric Controlled (CNC) machinery uses what type of manufacturing?

A) Additive Manufacturing
B) Subtractive Manufacturing
C) Injection Mold Manufacturing
D) Abstractive Manufacturing

Multiple Choice, Multiple Answer:
What are the challenges of XR? (Select 2)

a. Display
b. Security
c. Motion Tracking
d. Start-up

True or False:
As of 2021, creating production parts is the largest use case of 3D printing in manufacturing

A) True
B) False

You are shopping through an app to buy new furniture. Within the app, there is a feature that allows you to use your phone camera to capture your living room, and let's you digitally place your chosen furniture into the room to see what it would look like in-person before you buy. This is an example of...

A) Holographic reality
B) Augmented reality
C) Virtual reality
D) UX/UI

Which of the following is one of the most common use of VR/AR among early adopters in business?

A) Employee training
B) Customer engagement
C) On-the-job information
D) Virtual meetings

The company Howden saw potential in showing their customers where improvements could be made. With a mantra of "Revolving around You", Howden prides themselves on their customer service. How does Howden provide excellent customer service and improvement demonstration to their customers?

A) Mixed Reality
B) Augmented Reality
C) Extended Reality
D) Virtual Reality

A real estate company who wants to give their customers a more realistic experience where they can do a walkthrough of their house and see it built before it is physically built should use which kind of technology?

A) Mixed reality
B) Augmented reality
C) Virtual reality
D) 4K video

Pokémon Go is an immersive mobile game that can us your mobile device to track your location, and display live onscreen Pokémon, using your camera as an overlay to the current in camera sight picture. Which type of immersive technology has Pokémon Go implemented to allow players to see Pokémon's on their phone using live footage as an overlay?
A) MR (mixed reality)
B) XR (Extended realty)
C) AR (augmented reality)
D) VR (virtual reality)

Which one of these product development methods is not used when turning a design idea into a physical object?

A) Addictive manufacturing
B) Scrum process
C) Subtractive manufacturing
D) Injection molding

Which is a current challenge for regulation with 3D-Bioprinter technology?
A) It is too expensive.
B) The printed parts do not work.
C) Quality assurance and quality control.
D) There is little interest in the solution.

There are several challenges with XR, some of which include:

A) A and C
B) Display
C) Rendering
D) Connectivity

True or False:
We are able to print both prosthetic limbs and dental devices using 3D printing in medical fields.

A) True
B) False

Short Answer:
Why are cyber-attacks initiated?

True or False:
For effective cybersecurity, an organization needs to coordinate its efforts only on specific aspects of its information systems?

A) True
B) False

What are the three main components of an SDP? (Select all that apply)

a. Client
b. controller
c. channel
d. protocol
e. set of gateways
f. reader

____ is a security technology that breaks the data center into logical elements and manages them with high-level IT security policies. Which of these terms fits the blank space?

A) Micro segmentation
B) Endpoint Detection
C) Network Traffic Analysis
D) Virtualization

Which of the following is a type of social engineering attack that appears to come from a trusted source and can trick users into granting system access to cybercriminals?

A) Denial of service
B) Spam
C) Phishing
D) Malware

True or False:
Regardless of skill, anyone can make use of Raas (Ransomware-as-a-Service) kits in order to commit cybercrime to extort as much money as possible from their victims.

A) True
B) False

Sam works in the legal department at GloboChem. He receives an email that says it's from the American Bar Association and has an attachment he needs to sign and return to update his standing. When he opens the attachment, he starts to get error messages on his desktop. What was he most likely the victim of?

A) Compromised webpage
B) Identity Theft
C) Spear Fishing
D) Phishing

Multiple Answer:
Which of the following is TRUE about microsegmentation? Choose all that apply.

a. A service can access other virtual networks without using a virtual router through the use of microsegmentation.
b. Microsegmentation causes a decrease in efficiency.
c. Microsegmentation deals with isolating a data center into logical elements and managing them with high level security policies.
d. Microsegmentation is weaker security compared to subnetting.
e. The movement towards virtualization and the usefulness of virtual routers is what makes microsegmentation practical in the first place.

What is a Denial-of-Service attack?

A) An attack that uses fraudulent email links or attachments to gain access to another computer.
B) An attack that hijacks communications and makes two people believe they're communicating with each other when in fact the conversation is being controlled by a third party
C) An attack that overflows a machine with surplus applications to keep it from fulfilling legitimate requests.
D) An attack that uses software to generate thousands of potential passwords to guess system passwords and gain access.

How a spear-phishing attack is different than a phishing attack?

A) A spear-phishing attack and a phishing attack are the same things there is no difference.
B) A phishing attack targets one person in an organization. While spear-phishing targets many people in an organization.
C) A spear-phishing attack is a targeted phishing attack.
D) A phishing attack is done via e-mail and spear phishing attack SMS.

Which is NOT a part of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) issued guidelines?

A) Recover
B) Protect
C) Detect
D) Preserve

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of Remote Browser?

A) Remote browser isolation can be scaled quickly and cheaply.
B) Remote browsers are easier to deploy than a virtual machine,
C) Remote browsers can create a virtual platform for users to collaborate on
D) Remote browsers use very little resources.

Which of the following are one of the 3 responsibilities of cybersecurity?

A) Integrity
B) Confidentiality
C) Availability
D) All the above
E) None of the above

Match the term with the corresponding definition.

Term	Definition
Drive-By Download Attack
SQL Injection Attack
Cross-Site Scripting

A. An attack that allows users to run malicious statements in a
database server. This allows attackers to bypass security measures and modify
the database.

B. An attack where a hacker embeds a malicious script into an
insecure website, these websites can then install scripts on your system or
redirect to a website controlled by the hacker

C. An attack where a malicious script is embedded to a trusted
website (usually as a side script).

_____ has become a modern epidemic, hitting government, hospitals, schools and private enterprises and any other targets deemed vulnerable to extortion and capable of paying.

A) Cross-Site Scripting
B) Ransomware
C) Spam
D) Spear Phishing

According to Forrester, what tools can identify software vulnerabilities and exposes licenses used from open sources.

A) Application Architecture Scanners
B) Software Composition Analysis
C) Secure Open-Access
D) Software Compliance Validation
E) Norton Anti-Virus Suite

Which of the following components are not part of a Software-defined perimeter (SDP) architecture?

A) A set of gateways
B) A Controller
C) An Automated error collection system
D) A Client

True or False:
Some types of cyber threats are identity theft, phishing, and spam.

A) True
B) False

An IT administrator wants to limit the resources that can be accessed by an individual to only what they absolutely need, while making the rest invisible. Which of the following is the best implementation for this purpose?

A) Remote Browser
B) Micro segmentation
C) Network Traffic Analysis
D) Software-Defined Perimeters

A company has implemented access control to their systems, security awareness training to employees, and various data security technology. Under which NIST cyber security framework do these methods fall under?

A) Respond
B) Protect
C) Detect
D) Identify

According to Gartner, which of the following is not a top security and risk management trend for 2022?

A) Attack Surface Reduction
B) Distributing Decisions
C) Identity Threat Detection and Response
D) Digital Supply Chain Risk

What type of cyber threat matches the description: A hacker has gained access to a user email address or phone number and uses this information to send out specific messages from an official account claiming to be a peer or co-worker (situation may vary). The hacker then proceeds to ask for specific data regarding the company and or its secure data to steal the information to either sell or use for a malicious attack.

A) Phishing
B) Denial-or-service
C) Identity theft
D) Spear Phishing
E) Zero-day Attack

Jessica is an intern for a major organization and is on her first week. She checks her email and realizes that her boss needs help logging in to the organization's servers. The email asks to send her login information, so that her boss can at least turn in some documents. She is hesitant to send her information, but then realizes that the sender's email matches to her boss's email. She then sends her login information. What cyberattack did she just fall for?

A) Phishing
B) Ransomware
C) Identity Theft
D) Man-In-The-Middle
E) Spear Phishing

An employee in a company got an email stating that his company password needed to be updated. When he clicked on the link it took him to a suspicious site. The next day he realized his computer was infected with a virus. What kind of attack is this?

A) Spam
B) Phishing attack
C) Zero - day attack
D) Identity theft

Which cyber threat is the most common?

A) Zero-Day
B) Man-in-The-Middle
C) Phishing
D) Denial-of-Service

Which of the following is a reason why healthcare industry has a higher security breach metric?
A) Has the most valuable information
B) It causes the largest disruption.
C) It is the easiest to gain access too.
D) Regulation requires reporting breaches

True or False:
Companies consistently report that human error is the primary factor in security breaches and data loss.

A) True
B) False