ch 45

Clinical signs of an upper airway thermal injury include:

1.facial burns.
2.atelectasis.
3.mucosal edema.
4.epithelial sloughing.

A. 3
B. 1, 3, 4
C. 1, 4
D. 2, 3, 4

A patient has been brought to the emergency department after inhaling superheated steam. Pulmonary injuries unique to this situation include:
1.atelectasis.
2.pulmonary edema.
3.thick secretions.
4.pharyngeal edema.

A. 1, 2, 3
B. 1, 2
C. 2, 3, 4
D. 3

Which of the following conditions occurs in 20% to 30% of hospitalized fire victims with facial burns?

A. Upper airway obstruction
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Pneumonia
D. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Late-stage complications of extensive body surface burns include:

1.sepsis.
2.upper airway obstruction.
3.pneumonia.
4.pulmonary embolism.

A. 1, 2
B. 2, 3
C. 1, 3, 4
D. 3, 4

A 65-year-old patient has third-degree skin burns over 30% of his body and a smoke inhalation injury. How does the combination of skin burns and smoke inhalation affect his prognosis?

A. It more than triples the mortality rate.
B. It almost doubles the mortality rate.
C. It quadruples the mortality rate.
D. There is no mortality change between having one or two concurrent problems.

Which portion of the pulmonary system will be affected by the inhalation of low–water solubility gases such as hydrogen chloride and phosgene?

A. Distal airways and alveoli
B. Upper airway
C. Pulmonary lymphatic system
D. Pulmonary vascular bed

Which of the following will be typically found in the air of an enclosed house fire?

1.Steam
2.Carbon monoxide
3.Hydrogen cyanide
4.Hydrogen chloride

A. 1, 2, 3
B. 2, 3, 4
C. 1, 3
D. 1, 2, 4

A 10-year-old patient has inhaled hot gases, and an inspection of her mouth shows edema and blisters. What should the respiratory therapist recommend?

A. Monitor her SpO2 once per shift.
B. Perform a bronchoscopy to evaluate the trachea.
C. Perform endotracheal intubation.
D. Administer an aerosol treatment with racemic epinephrine.

A patient with carbon monoxide poisoning has a COHb level of 20%. If the patient is given 100% oxygen, what will the approximate COHb level be in 1 hour?
A. 2.5%
B. 5%
C. 15%
D. 10%

Which of the following classes of medications are commonly used in the care of patients with smoke inhalation injury?

1.Parasympatholytics
2.Mucolytics
3.Sympathomimetics
4.Monoclonal antibody

A. 1, 2, 3
B. 1, 3
C. 2, 3, 4
D. 1, 2, 4

Clinical signs associated with acute upper airway obstruction due to thermal injury include:

1.pleural friction rub.
2.inspiratory stridor.
3.pulmonary edema.
4.painful swallowing.

A. 1, 3
B. 2, 4
C. 1, 2, 3
D. 2, 3, 4

The long-term effects of a smoke inhalation injury are:

A. obstructive lung disorders.
B. restrictive lung disorders.
C. obstructive and restrictive lung disorders.
D. neither obstructive nor restrictive lung disorders, since there is normally complete recovery.

What COHb level is associated with a throbbing headache, nausea, vomiting, and impaired judgment?

A. 10% to 20%
B. 20% to 30%
C. 30% to 50%
D. 1% to 10%

Which of the following radiographic findings would be associated with the intermediate stage of recovery from a serious smoke inhalation injury?

A. Patchy or segmental infiltrates
B. Normal/full recovery
C. Empyema 
D. Pulmonary edema/ARDS

According to the Parkland formula, what is the recommended volume of fluid that should be infused over a 24-hour period for each percent of body surface burned?

A. 1 mL/kg of body weight
B. 6 mL/kg of body weight
C. 4 mL/kg of body weight
D. 10 mL/kg of body weight

Which of the following would be recommended for the treatment of cyanide poisoning?

A. Albuterol sulfate
B. Aclidinium bromide
C. Amyl nitrate
D. Aztreonam

What level of carbon monoxide toxicity is associated with coma, convulsions, and Cheyne-Stokes respiration?

A. 20% to 30% COHb
B. 10% to 20% COHb
C. 30% to 50% COHb
D. 50% to 60% COHb

In an industrial accident, an adult incurred burns over his head and neck, both arms, and his anterior trunk. What percent of his BSA was burned?
A. 36%
B. 27%
C. 54%
D. 45%