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What is the hierarchy of functional groups?
- Carboxylic acids
- Acid anhydride
- Ester
- Acid chloride
- Amide
- Nitrile
- Aldehyde
- Ketone
- Alcohol
- Amine
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We add _____ to the end of a carboxylic acid, and the carbon of that group is ____ counted in the chain
oic acid
It is counted in the chain
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We add _____ to the end of an acid halide
yl (halide)
ex. yl chloride
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We add ____ to a nitrile group when it is the highest priority in the chain and ____ when it is not, because the carbon is counted as part of the functional group
Nitrile
cyano
This is also the only group that does not drop the e from the chain name
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We add ____ to an amide group when it is the highest priority in the chain and ____ when it is not. Also, substituents off the N are denoted with ____
amide
carbamoyl
N-alkyl
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Cyclic amides are ____
lactams
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How are esters named? When writing the name, it ends with ____
They are broken into two parts, one with both of the O and the other as the substituent coming off the O
oate
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Cyclic esters are called ____
lactone
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If an acid anhydride is symmetrical, it is named with only one ____. If not, both sides are given their own name. Regardless, they both end in ____
alkaloic
anhydride
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