The death of lung tissue that may result from an obstruction of the pulmonary artery is
called a:
B.
Bronchospasm may happen after a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following can lead to this bronchospasm?
1.Localized hypoxemia
2.Localized hypercapnia
3.Localized hypocapnia
4.Release of cellular mediators from platelets
A.
A pulmonary embolism causes which of the following major pathologic and structural changes in the lungs?
1.Alveolar consolidation
2.Mucosal edema
3.Alveolar atelectasis
4.Pleural friction rub
D.
Which of the following are associated with the formation of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
1.Blood vessel injury
2.Age greater than 40 years
3.Hypercoagulability
4.Venous stasis
The sudden onset of which of the following signs and symptoms indicates a pulmonary embolism?
1.Bradycardia
2.Coughing out blood-streaked sputum
3.Cyanosis
4.Sudden shortness of breath
C.
The best test for diagnosing a suspected pulmonary embolism is a(n):
C.
A pulmonary angiogram is usually ordered:
C.
A patient’s D-dimer blood test results show a value of 550 ng/mL. How should these results be interpreted?
B.
Which of the following conditions is an indication of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) use in a patient with a suspected pulmonary embolism?
1.Pregnancy
2.Asthma
3.End-stage renal disease
4.Emphysema
B.
Which of the following are included in the management of pulmonary embolism?
1.Oxygen
2.Vitamin K
3.Heparin
4.Warfarin
D.
Which of the following are preventive measures taken with patients at high risk for thromboembolic disease?
1.Drink lots of water.
2.Dangle your legs over the edge of the bed before getting up.
3.Walk frequently.
4.Wear compression stockings.
B.
Which of the following are major mechanisms that contribute to the pulmonary hypertension commonly seen in a patient with a pulmonary embolism?
1.Decreased cross-sectional area of the pulmonary vascular system
2.Vasoconstriction induced by alveolar hypoxia
3.Reflexes from the aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptors
4.Vasoconstriction induced by humoral agents
C.
The respiratory therapist is listening to the heart sounds of a patient with a suspected pulmonary embolus. The therapist could expect to hear:
1.increased second heart sound (S2).
2.increased splitting of the second heart sound (S2).
3.third heart sound (S3).
4.fourth heart sound (S4).
D.
In order to prevent pulmonary emboli, a filter may be placed into which of the following vessels to prevent clots from being carried into the pulmonary circulation?
B.
Medications may be used to prevent pulmonary emboli include:
1.enoxaparin.
2.dalteparin.
3.tinzaparin.
4.reteplase.
D.
A patient is on warfarin therapy for the prevention of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The respiratory therapist should advise the patient to avoid eating or drinking:
B.
A pulmonary embolus produces which of the following ventilation-perfusion abnormalities?
C.
Therapies used to treat pulmonary hypertension include:
1. albuterol.
2.diuretics.
3.digoxin.
4.reteplase.