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What is an example of a single-celled organism?
Fungi
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What is the function of mitosis in a single-celled organism (fungi)?
- Allows organisms to reproduce- cloning
- Example: budding in yeast.
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What are 5 functions of mitosis in a multi-cellular organism?
- GARY CANT PREHEAT FROZEN APPLES
- Growth: increasing no. of cells in organism.
- Cell replacement: repair of damaged/inefficient cells.
- Preservation of chromosome no. and genetic makeup: ensures daughter cells get exact copy of parent’s chromosomes.
- Formation of gametes: eg. flowering plants
- Asexual reproduction: (one parent)
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How is Growth a function of mitosis? Give example.
- Growth increases number of cells in an organism.
- Example: fertilised egg ~> adult.
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How is Cell replacement a function of mitosis? Give example.
- Cell replacement: repair of damaged or inefficient cells.
- Example: skin, blood corpuscles (RBCs).
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How is Preservation of chromosome number and genetic makeup a function of mitosis?
Ensures all daughter cells get an exact copy of its parents’ chromosomes.
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Give example how Formation of gametes is a function of mitosis?
Example: In flowering plants- pollen tube formation.
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Give example how Asexual reproduction is a function of mitosis?
- (One parent)
- Example: vegetative reproduction (propagation), cuttings in flowering plants.
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What are 2 significances of mitosis?
- 1. Exact copies produced: important in growth and repair of tissues in that all cells are genetically identical.
- 2. Asexual reproduction: mitosis produces offspring, a clone, that are identical to the parent. Eg. Amoeba or yeast. They all have the same advantages if the parent in surviving in the same habitat.
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Explain the importance of exact copies produced by mitosis?
Exact copies produced: important in growth and repair of tissues in that all cells are genetically identical.
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Explain the importance of asexual reproduction by mitosis?
- Mitosis produces offspring, a clone, that are identical to the parent.
- They all have the same advantages of the parent in surviving in the same habitat.
- Eg. Amoeba and yeast.
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What is Meiosis?
Meiosis: a form of cell division in which a diploid cel divides to produce four new cells each of which is haploid.
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By meiosis, how many daughter cells are produced by one parent ?
One parent produces 4 daughter cells.
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What type of daughter cells are produced by meiosis?
Four haploid daughter cells are produced and they’re not genetically identical.
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Are the daughter cells alike to the parent cell?
The daughter cells contain half the amount of chromosomes (23) that the parent cell contains (46). Therefore genetically different.
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Give 3 points on meiosis?
- 1 parent cell produces 4 daughter cells.
- They’ve 1/2 the no. of chromosomes -23 (meaning they’re haploid)
- Cells aren’t genetically identical.
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