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Communication

  1. It is how humans utilize verbal and nonverbal signals to convey meaning in various circumstances.
    Communication
  2. is the process of sending and receiving messages through verbal and/or nonverbal means - signs, signals, and behavior.
    Communication
  3. (1)________ (oral communication), (2)__________ (written communication)
    • 1. speech
    • 2. writing
  4. is also defined as “a transactional, symbolic process of mutual influence occurring between two or more individuals” (1________)
    • Communication
    • 1. Albrecht, Johnson, and Walther in Successful focus Groups, 1993
  5. refers to the technology used to communicate information to individuals.
    Communications (plural)
  6. a literary theorist, thinks every communication involves faith.
    Terry Eagleton
  7. “Some linguists believe that the possible hurdles to verbal understanding are so numerous and diversified that their occurrence is a small miracle.”
    The Three R's (2009)
  8. is also referred to as communication objective.
    Communication goal
  9. the desired result of a communication strategy that commits to achieving a goal.
    communication goal
  10. Communication goals can include
    • 1. motivating,
    • 2. educating,
    • 3. raising awareness amongst,
    • 4 and influencing decision-making in target groups.
  11. is not just to help practitioners to access, understand, judge, and use the findings of particular research, but also to help practitioners, over the long term, develop stances as questioners, consumers, or producers of research.
    The goal dissemination
  12. During the fast technological advancements of the twentieth century, a new theoretical subject, ___________, was introduced.
    Communication Theory
  13. helped develop a simplified model of communication that represents the aforementioned “elements of communication.”
    Claude Shannon, Wilbur Lang Schramm, and Robert Craig, among others
  14. Basic Elements of Communication
    • a. Source Sender/encoder
    • b. Medium
    • c. Channel
    • d. Receiver
    • e. Feedback
    • f. Context
    • g. Noise
  15. is also known as the encoder decides on the message to be sent, the best/most effective way that it can be sent. All of this is done bearing the receiver in mind. In a word, it is his/her job to conceptualize. The _____ may want to ask him/herself questions like: What words will I use? Do I need signs or pictures?
    Source Sender/encoder
  16. is the immediate form that a message takes. For example, a message may be communicated in the form of a letter, in form of an email, or face to face in the form of a speech.
    Medium
  17. An encoded message is conveyed by the source through a ______. could be the paper or which words are written., or the Internet acting in the client-server model that is allowing you to read words right now.
    Channel
  18. There are numerous Channel categories:
    verbal, non-verbal, personal, non-personal,
  19. The _______ is that which is responsible for the delivery of the chosen message form, for example, post office, internet, radio.
    Channel
  20. is responsible for extracting/decoding meaning from the message. The ________ is also responsible for providing feedback to the sender. In a word, it is his/her job to INTERPRET.
    Receiver or the decoder
  21. This is important as it determines whether or not the decoder grasped the intended meaning and whether the communication was successful.
    Feedback
  22. Communication does not take place in a vacuum. The ____________ of any communication act is the environment surrounding it. This includes, among other things, place, time, event, and attitudes of sender and receiver.
    Context
  23. This is any factor that inhibits the conveyance of the message. That is, anything that gets in the way of the message being accurately received, interpreted, and responded to. _______ may be internal or external.
    Noise
  24. A student worrying about an incomplete assignment may not be attentive in class
    (internal noise).
  25. the sound of heavy rain on a galvanized roof may inhibit the reading of a storybook to second graders
    (external noise)
  26. The communication process is dynamic, continuous, irreversible, and contextual. It is _____ to participate in any element of the process without acknowledging the existence and functioning of the other elements.
    not possible
  27. Levels of Communication
    • Intrapersonal Communication
    • Interpersonal Communication
    • Intercultural Communication
    • Interviewing
    • Small-Group Communication
    • Mass Communication
  28. There is (1)_________ and (2)_________, which may take the form of print such as newspapers, newsletters, and other written forms, or non-print using electronic equipment such as technology, TV, radio, etc.
    • 1. face-to-face communication
    • 2. mediated communication
  29. This refers to communication that occurs within us. This involves feelings, thoughts, and the way we look at ourselves. The self is the only sender and receiver. The channel is your brain. The feedback is in the form of talking to oneself or discarding certain ideas and replacing them with others.
    Intrapersonal Communication
  30. The communication that occurs on a one-to- one basis usually in an informal, unstructured setting is interpersonal. Messages consist of both verbal and non-verbal symbols. Most channels are sight and sound.
    Interpersonal Communication
  31. This is interpersonal communication that occurs between or among members of different cultures or people who are enculturated differently. This is more apparent between persons coming from two different cultures of upbringing but it can also be among people of the same culture but brought up in different times or cultural contexts.
    Intercultural Communication
  32. makes use of a series of questions and answers usually involving two people or
    groups. Its purpose is to obtain information on a particular subject. This communication takes place verbally in a face- to-face setting, and a lot of non-verbal information is exchanged. Feedback is very high and instant and drives the conversation.
    Interviewing
  33. occurs when a small group of people meets to solve a problem. There is cooperative thinking; there is a specific purpose. The communication process in ______ is more complicated than in interpersonal communication.
    Small-Group Communication
  34. The sender-receiver (speaker) sends a message (speech) to an audience in a highly structured manner. Additional visuals may be used.
    Mass Communication
  35. PROFESSIONALS AND PRACTITIONERS IN COMMUNICATION
    • 1. artists
    • 2. authors
    • 3. editors
    • 4. journalists
    • 5. bloggers
    • 6. educators
    • 7. preachers
    • 8. politicians
    • 9. newscasters
  36. The primary responsibility of communicators and journalists is to (1)_______ that concern them in an (2)__________ manner. They give the people (3)_________ to make decisions. In some circumstances, they help (4)_________ data professionally and ethically.
    • 1. enlighten the audience about problems
    • 2. objective
    • 3. information
    • 4. process and analyze
  37. their functions are to collect and document information, facts, and opinions for public study and deeper understanding of reality.
    Communicators and Journalists
  38. __________is delivering facts. Expert (2) ________ serve the truth. They gather vital news, data, and information for public life. Among the functions include being present where the news is happening and accurately recording it using available technologies.
    Communication

    2. communicators and journalists
  39. Specializations for communicators and journalists include
    • 1. speech writing,
    • 2. meeting minutes,
    • 3. advertising,
    • 4. marketing and sales,
    • 5. communication education,
    • 6. electronic media,
    • 7. radio and television,
    • 8. public relations,
    • 9. journalism,
    • 10. theater,
    • 11. performing,
    • 12. dramatic arts,
    • 13. public communication,
    • 14. opinion management.
  40. Among the specializations available are
    • copywriting;
    • production directing;
    • professional blogging;
    • communication education;
    • language arts coordinating;
    • forensic and debate coaching;
    • theater directing;
    • film and tape librarianship;
    • technical directing.

    They can also specialize in research, technical writing, acquisition editing, and interviewing.
  41. promotes literature and freedom of expression and is guided by the _____ Charter's values of free exchange of ideas within and between nations.
    PEN International
  42. PEN thus declares:
    • 1. All persons have the right to express themselves freely through digital media without fear of reprisal or persecution.
    • 2. All persons have the right to seek and receive information through digital media.
    • 3. All persons have the right to be free from government surveillance of digital media.
    • 4. The private sector, and technology companies, in particular, are bound by the right to freedom of expression and human rights.
  43. deems the code of ethics essential to good communication and journalism since it encourages professional self-censorship among industry experts.
    The UNESCO
  44. By improving the quality of information and reducing the risk of misinformation, ________ benefits individuals, families, communities, corporations, and nations.
    the code of ethics
  45. its Code of Conduct has defined British and Irish journalism. The code is part of the union's rules, and all journalists must sign up to follow it.
    National Union of Journalists (NUJ) in 1936
  46. The National Union of Journalists expects its members to fulfill these professional standards:
    A journalist:

    1. At all times upholds and defends the principle of media freedom, the right of freedom of expression, and the right of the public to be informed.

    2. Strives to ensure that information disseminated is honestly conveyed, accurate and fair.

    3. Does her/his utmost to correct harmful inaccuracies.

    4. Differentiates between fact and opinion.

    5. Obtains material by honest, straightforward, and open means, except for investigations that are both overwhelmingly in the public interest and which involve evidence that cannot be obtained by straightforward means.

    6. Does nothing to intrude into anybody’s private life, grief or distress unless justified by overriding consideration of the public interest.

    7. Protects the identity of sources who supply information in confidence and material gathered in the course of her/his work.

    8. Resists threats or any other inducements to influence, distort or suppress information and takes no unfair personal advantage of information gained in the course of her/his duties before the information is public knowledge.

    9. Produces no material likely to lead to hatred or discrimination on the grounds of a person’s age, gender, race, color, creed, legal status, disability, marital status, or sexual orientation.

    10. Does not by way of statement, voice or appearance endorse by advertisement any commercial product or service save for the promotion of her/his work or of the medium by which she/he is employed.

    11. A journalist shall normally seek the consent of an appropriate adult when interviewing or photographing a child for a story about her/his welfare.

    12. Avoids plagiarism.
  47. The ______ believes a journalist has the right to refuse an assignment or be identified as the author of an editorial that would break the letter or spirit of the code.
    NUJ
  48. The_____ will fully support any journalist disciplined for asserting her/his right to act according to the code
    NUJ
  49. Your (1)_______ is the person or people you want to communicate with. By knowing more about them (their wants, needs, values, etc.), you can better craft your message so that they will receive it the way you intended.
    1. audience
  50. All people are ________ of communication.
    clientele and audience
  51. communication can only be effective when communication takes into consideration the characteristics of the intended ________.
    clientele and audience
  52. Characteristics of Clientele and Audiences of Communication
    • Social Position
    • Education level
    • Age range
    • Race and ethnicity
    • Primary language
    • Health status
    • The job type
    • Information sources
  53. Needs of Various Types of Clientele and Audiences in Communication
    • 1. Using media to seek the attention or help of people and other organizations
    • 2. Meeting personally to meet the common goal/needs
    • 3. Letters as a means to communicate with other people
  54. As an individual, you want to be the first to know about all matters that pertain to you. Some barriers need to be well managed. One has a way to overcome them to achieve effective communication.
    The Individual as Client of Communication
  55. tend to have communication needs that are specific to them. They may be identified as family and friends, migrant organizations, the legal team, media, and the government.
    The Group and Organization as Client of Communication
  56. the message has to be responsive to the need and the channel has to be appropriate, and the subject to be communicated has to be relevant to the community.
    The Community as Client of Communication
  57. Have you received information from your barangay? Or a letter from a local business or a legitimate organization like a charity or a church? Have you considered who communicated? Or who sent it and why? These are some questions to ponder after learning this lesson. Here are some examples of communication settings.
    Communication in Various Settings
  58. (1)_______ encompasses all operations undertaken by the government to convey and explain its plans, choices, and actions. To support legal processes, defend ideals, and encourage patriotism.

    In all formal activities, it might be oral or written. As such, it could be active in providing organized general information to the public for all government actions are planned, methodical, and funded. It is active when the administration provides information to an individual, group, or organization that demands it under particular legal provisions.
    Communication in Government
  59. Types of Government Communication
    1. Government-wide communication.

    2. Communication relating to benefits.

    3. Involving Institutional Communication.
  60. Communication occurs in all structured communication where its purpose is for presenting government activities like to explain decisions and present actions.
    Government-wide communication.
  61. Communication occurs to ensure beneficiaries are received by the people to avail services.
    Communication relating to benefits.
  62. Communication to enhance the visibility and influence of an organization. This type of communication is to clarify the values to be conveyed and incorporating these values in all communication activities and implement the appropriate procedures.
    Involving Institutional Communication.
  63. Communication done by Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) is an example of this setting. Different advocacies like Greenpeace, animal rights, environmental protection are examples of these.
    Communication in Civil Society
  64. Communication in any business industry where information, persuasion and mobilization is the primary need of the private sector.
    Communication in Private Sector
  65. Other Settings of Communication
    • 1. Schools
    • 2. Communities
    • 3. Online communication
  66. communication for instruction and socialization to inform stakeholders like parents, faculty, and students.
    Schools
  67. are organized in varying degrees of structure and using different systems.
    Communities
  68. done on social networking sites like FB, Twitter, etc.
    Online communication
  69. Tools of Communication
    • 1. Print Materials
    • 2. Non-print materials
    • 3. Technologies
    • 4. Online Tools
  70. Newspapers, reports, books, posters, brochures, etc.
    Print Materials
  71. Videos, TV shows, radios, presentations
    Non-print materials
  72. cellphones, telephones, tablets, computers, and laptop
    Technologies
  73. Social Media, electronic mails
    Online Tools
  74. When patterns on where information and messages go are critical.
    the directionality of communication.
  75. Process of Communication
    • 1. Vertical Communication
    • 2. Horizontal Communication
    • 3. Downward Communication
  76. refers to sending or receiving messages between levels of hierarchy or order whether upward or downward.
    Vertical Communication
  77. refers to sending or receiving messages within the same levels of hierarchy.
    Horizontal Communication
  78. is used to send messages from lower a higher rank to a lower rank.
    Downward Communication
  79. Terms in the Communication Process
    1. is putting ideas or information into symbols.
    2. is transforming messages back into thoughts.
    3 is the information source.
    4. is the one who receives the information.
    5. is the person who shares the information.
    6. is the receiver’s reaction to the message.
    7. is the receiver’s reaction that is given back to the sender.
    8. is unplanned interference.
    • 1. Encoding
    • 2. Decoding
    • 3. The message
    • 4. The receiver
    • 5. The sender
    • 6. The response
    • 7. Feedback
    • 8. Noise
  80. is a specialized means of delivering messages or information to an audience.
    A media channel
  81. television and radio (broadcast media), newspapers (print media), Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram (social media), as well as the new media used today in the digital age.
    media channel
  82. is a means of communication that is intended for large audiences. This is divided into two, Print and Broadcast.
    Mass Media
  83. includes newspapers and publications which tell about news stories, opinions, businesses, and advertisements.
    Print media
  84. comes in a form of radio and television where it is more influential and dominant to transmit news and information.
    Broadcast media
  85. is a word that refers to anything associated to the internet and the interaction of technology, visuals, and sound that helps better communication in the 21st century.
    New Media
  86. (1)______ is a subset of new media that dominated much of the world populace and is seen most influential medium of communication, especially to teenagers. (2)_______ is a must in this channel where it does not only cover a portion in a certain place but it can reach anyone in the globe as long as there is the internet.
    • 1.Social media
    • 2. Internet
  87. Examples in the internet
    • * Social networking sites (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Tumblr, etc.)
    • * Wikipedia
    • * YouTube
    • * Virtual games (DOTA, Mobile legends, Cross-fire, Rules of Survival, and others)
    • * Technologies (blogs, email, instant messaging)
  88. is a long-distance communication channel. This channel usually uses computers, cellphones, and telephones to send and receive data.
    Telecommunication
  89. A big telecommunication network like (1)________, (2)________ or (3)________ allows us to phone or talk to someone across long distances. We may also use our (4)________ as these networks provide us with internet access via systems and gadgets.
    • 1. SMART
    • 2. Talk ‘N Text
    • 3. PLDT
    • 4. internet connection
Author
Yel
ID
356809
Card Set
Communication
Description
DIASS
Updated

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