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What are vitamins?
Vitamins are essential organic catalysts of metabolism. Vitamins are chemically different to one another.
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How must vitamins be taken in?
Vitamins are needed in small amounts and can’t be produced by the body. Must be supplied continuously and in sufficient quantities.
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What are vitamins made by?
Vitamins are made by plants and microorganisms but not animals (excp. Vit D).
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Give 6 points on vitamins?
- Vitamins are essential organic catalysts of metabolism.
- Needed in small amounts, cannot be produced by the body.
- Must be supplied continuously and in sufficient quantities.
- Vitamins are chemically different to one another.
- Made by plants and microorganisms but not animals (except Vit D).
- Vitamins are Water Soluble or Fat Soluble. Water soluble: vit B and C. Fat soluble: vit A, D, E and K.
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What are types of water soluble vitamins?
Water soluble: Vit B, C
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What are types of fat soluble vitamins?
Fat soluble: Vit A, D, E, K
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What are deficiency diseases?
Deficiency diseases are defects in the body which occur as a result of the lack of one or more vitamins or by the reduced intake of one or more vitamins.
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What can cause deficiency diseases?(4)
- Inadequate diet
- Pregnancy and lactation (extra demands on the body)
- During period of rapid growth (eg. early teens)
- Antibiotics- destroys useful bacteria in the gut.
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What are the 2 types of vitamins?
Water soluble / Fat soluble
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What is the food sources of vitamin C?
- Citrus fruits
- Cabbage
- Potatoes
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What is a deficiency symptom of vitamin C?
Scurvy: bleeding gums, muscle and joint pain.
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What is the function of vitamin C?
- Basic constituent of collagen- necessary for connective tissue, bones, cartilage.
- Also stimulates defence mechanism of the body- white blood cells.
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What is the food sources of vitamin D?
- Fish liver oil
- Eggs
- Sun on skin produces vitamin D.
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What is a deficiency symptom of vitamin D?
- Rickets in children
- Osteomalacia in adults
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What is the function of vitamin D?
Stimulates absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the gut which is important for bone and teeth formation.
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